FEATURES OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL INDICATORS OF SPORTSMEN OF DIFFERENT QUALIFICATIONS AND AMATEURS IN ENDURANCE SPORTS

Luts Yu. P., Lukyantseva H. V.

SPORT MEDICINE

Scentific article

One of the determining factors affecting the effectiveness of sports activities is the composition of the body of athletes, therefore the methods of studying the ratio of tissue components of the body are of great importance in sports practice for monitoring the physical condition and optimizing the training regimen of athletes. 35 athletes of various qualifications took part in our study, who were divided into 3 groups according to the criteria of aerobic performance (VO2max, MSC) – 1st group (highly qualified athletes), 2nd group (11 people, intermediate level athletes), 3rd group (12 people, amateur athletes). The highest value of VO2max was recorded in athletes of group 1, the value of MSC in athletes of group 2 is 20.18% lower compared to group 1, the value of MSC in amateur athletes is reduced compared to representatives of group 1 by 37.54%. The lowest body weight was registered in highly qualified athletes (65.85±4.7 kg), this indicator was higher in average-qualified athletes by 9.20%, and in amateur athletes by 27.33%. The fat-free body mass of individuals of group 1 is 92.40±2.6%, which is 2.05% higher compared to athletes of average qualification and 8.83% more compared to amateurs. The percentage of fat in the body of highly qualified athletes is 7.68%, which is 28.25% less than the value of group 2 spotters and 111.07% less compared to amateurs. The percentage of water in the body of highly qualified athletes is 66.99±2.8%, it is 4.33% less in persons of group 2, and 7.43% less in amateurs. The percentage of the mineral component of the skeleton in athletes with a high level of physical performance is 4.62±0.1%, which is 3.03% more than in athletes with an average level of performance and 9.09% more compared to amateurs. Thus, the morpho-functional indicators of the composition of the body of athletes of different levels of performance differ between individual groups of athletes depending on their qualifications.

maximum oxygen consumption,body composition,athletes,endurance

1. Leão C, Camões M, Clemente FM, Nikolaidis PT, Lima R, Bezerra P, et al. Anthropometric Profile of Soccer Players as a Determinant of Position Specificity and Methodological Issues of Body Composition Estimation. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(13):2386. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph1613 2386.
2. Knechtle B, Senn O, Imoberdorf R, Joleska I, Wirth A, Knechtle P, et al. No fluid overload in male ultra-runners during a 100 km ultra-run. Res Sports Med. 2011 Jan;19(1):14-27. DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2010.510039.
3. Logan-Sprenger HM, Palmer MS, Spriet LL. Estimated fluid and sodium balance and drink preferences in elite male junior players during an ice hockey game. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2011 Feb;36(1):145-52. DOI: 10.1139/H10-098.
4. Garthe I, Raastad T, Refsnes PE, Koivisto A, Sundgot-Borgen J. Effect of two different weight-loss rates on body composition and strength and power-related performance in elite athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2011 Apr;21(2):97-104. DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.21.2.97.
5. Palmer MS, Spriet LL. Sweat rate, salt loss, and fluid intake during an intense on-ice practice in elite Canadian male junior hockey players. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2008 Apr;33(2):263-71. DOI: 10.1139/H08-011.
6. Sundgot-Borgen J, Garthe I. Elite athletes in aesthetic and Olympic weight-class sports and the challenge of body weight and body compositions. J Sports Sci. 2011;29(1):101-14. DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2011.565783.
7. Andreoli A, Celi M, Volpe SL, Sorge R, Tarantino U. Long-term effect of exercise on bone mineral density and body composition in postmenopausal ex-elite athletes: a retrospective study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jan;66(1):69-74. DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.104. Erratum in: Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jan;66(1):142.
8. Shchepotina NYu. Doslidzhennia vzaiemozviazku morfo-funktsionalnykh pokaznykiv voleibolistok z rivnem yikh fizychnoi pidhotovlenosti. Fizychna kultura, sport i zdorovia natsii. 2013;15:428-34. [in Ukrainian].
9. Tanita BC–601F FitScan Segmental Body Composition Monitor [Internet]. Available from: http://www.tanita.com/en/bc601f/.
10. Giampietro M, Pujia A, Bertini I. Anthropometric features and body composition of young athletes practicing karate at a high and medium competitive level. Acta Diabetol. 2003 Oct;40(1):145-8. DOI: 10.1007/s00592-003-0049-3.
11. Uylmor DzhKh, Kostyll DL. Fyzyolohyia sporta y dvyhatelnoi aktyvnosty. K.: Olympyiskaia lyteratura; 1997. 504 s.
12. Shchepotina NYU. Vzayemozv’yazok mizh rivnem fizychnoyi pidhotovlenosti voleybolistok ta yikh komponentnym skladom masy tila. Zb. nauk. pr. I Vseukr. konf. molodykh uchenykh i stud. Aktualʹni problemy suchasnoyi nauky ta naukovykh doslidzhenʹ; 2013; Vinnytsya. Vinnytsya: TOV firma «Planer»; 2013. s. 255-260. [in Ukrainian].

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (168), 2023 year, 374-379 pages, index UDK 796.012.12.071.2:612.014

10.29254/2077-4214-2023-1-168-374-379