PROOXIDANT-ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF THE HEART OF RATS UNDER THE ACTION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT AND CORRECTION WITH MELATONIN

Pshychenko V. V., Cherno V. S., Chebotar L. D., Yulevich O. I., Petrova O. I.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Scentific article

The violation of the regime and the change in the quality of the diet, due to the acceleration of the pace of life and giving preference to fast food rather than a rational and balanced diet, have led to the consumption of an uncontrolled amount of food additives. The constant use of products containing monosodium glutamate leads to exceeding the maximum permissible consumption rates and the occurrence of metabolic changes, in particular, oxidative stress in the heart. Drugs with antioxidant properties are used to correct disorders caused by oxidative stress. One of the antioxidants that has a cardioprotective effect is melatonin. The purpose of the study was to determine the changes in the pro-oxidant-antioxidant system of the heart of rats under the influence of monosodium glutamate and the correction of pathological changes by melatonin. The experimental animals were divided into three groups: a control group and two experimental groups. The animals of the first (control) group were kept under normal vivarium conditions without the influence of additional factors. The animals of the second group per os received a 3% aqueous solution of monosodium glutamate at the rate of 20 mg/kg. Rats of the third group received a 3% aqueous solution of glutamate (20 mg/kg), and for the purpose of correction, melatonin was administered intraperitoneally to the animals at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg of body weight once a day. Metabolic changes in the heart muscle of rats were studied on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th day of the study. The obtained data indicate that the daily consumption of monosodium glutamate in a dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight leads to the activation of the processes of lipid peroxidation, which begins already in the early stages of the experiment and continues until its end and indicates the development of oxidative stress. An increase in total antioxidant activity was also detected on the 7th and 14th days of the study, followed by its gradual decrease on the 21st and 28th days of the study, which indicates the exhaustion of the key components of the enzymatic component of the antioxidant system. Thus, the results of our research indicate an imbalance in the balance between the processes of lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant defense system, which leads to a change in the structural and functional properties of cardiomyocyte membranes, which is an unfavorable condition for the functioning of the cardiovascular system. The introduction of exogenous melatonin contributed to a decrease in the intensity of peroxidation of lipids and activation of the enzymatic link of the antioxidant system, which is accompanied by an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase and a decrease in the level of primary and secondary products of peroxidation. Therefore, melatonin is a potentially useful drug for reducing the manifestations of oxidative stress in the myocardium.

monosodium glutamate,rats,heart,catalase,superoxide dismutase

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (168), 2023 year, 207-211 pages, index UDK 613.29:612.176

10.29254/2077-4214-2023-1-168-207-211