INJURY OF TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT TEETH IN CHILDREN: THERAPUTIC APPROACH

Gurzhiy O. V., Kolomiiets S. V., Kulay O. O.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

As traumatic dental injuries, or teeth traumas, are widespread: 25% of all school-age children encounter dental traumas while 33% of adults encounter injuries of permanent bite, prevalent number of injuries occur before the age of nineteen, these conditions influence the aesthetics and functions of the injured tooth as well as of the entire maxillofacial system subsequently. Peculiarities of dental traumas are determined by the age of the child, and depend on the period of tissue formation and the effect of the traumatic factor at that time. The outcome of this interaction is the continuing course of the post-traumatic period, when it is important to provide timely qualified treatment using all potential to restore the function of either the injured tooth or adjacent tissues as well as the maxillofacial region as whole.The main recommendations for the general principles of treatment of temporary and permanent teeth traumas in children depend on the type of injury, the effect of the traumatic agent on the tooth and adjacent tissues, deciduous and permanent bite, etc. When a tooth is injured, the general principles of treatment are the following: to provide rest, exclude it from occlusion, stabilize it with a flexible splint for up to 2 weeks, and prescribe a mechanically gentle diet. Medication consists of anti-inflammatory therapy and local antiseptics. If, EOD data together with clinical examination provide enough information to determine the death of the pulp in permanent teeth, then it is necessary to carry out the pulp extirpation and to fill the canal. As for the temporary teeth, the procedure of urgent treatment depends on the condition of the root. Under physiological resorption of the root up to 1/3 of its length, the injured tooth should be treated, with physiological resorption of the root up to 1/2 of its length, the injured tooth should be extracted. After a tooth trauma, various consequences are likely to arise, for example: restoration of pulp function; death of the pulp; obliteration of the canal; complication may occur in the form of the reaction of periodontal tissues; inhibition of the development of a jaw cyst; discontinuation of root formation in a permanent or temporary tooth. Thus, the prognosis for injured teeth depends on the type of traumatic injury, urgent treatment and the time taken before full recovery. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed recommendations to provide urgent care for traumatic dental injuries in children based on modern data from the scientific literature and professional practical experience. These recommendations are to help dentists to choose the correct approach for treatment the patients with injuries to temporary and permanent teeth. Proper diagnosing, utilization of the recommendations of the International Association of Dental Traumatology, treatment and progress monitoring of the course of the post-traumatic period in children with injuries of temporary and permanent teeth are necessary to achieve a favorable long-term outcome.

trauma of teeth,temporary teeth,permanent teeth,injury,dislocation,fracture.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 (167), 2022 year, 35-43 pages, index UDK 616.314-001-053.2-085

10.29254/2077-4214-2022-4-167-35-43