MORPHOLOGICAL BASIS OF HEART MORPHOGENESIS IN EARLY POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT IS NORMAL

Shevchenko I. V.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

Laboratory animals are a universal model object for the study of organs in normal and pathology. Modern laboratories actively use laboratory rats in model experiments, and the obtained data are extrapolated to the human body. Therefore, the anatomical and histological study of morphogenesis in the heart of rats is an important trend in morphology. The aim of the study was to investigate the anatomical and histological features of the cardiac morphogenesis at the early postnatal stage of development in the normal. The study included pregnant female rats of the Wistar line weighing 200-220 g. The animals were kept under standard vivarium conditions. At 1, 5 and 7 days after birth, offspring were removed for the study of cardiac morphogenesis. The heart was removed and fixed in 10% formalin solution. From the prototype, histological sections were made and stained with hematoxylin with eosin. Histological examination of heart morphogenesis consisted in the analysis of changes in the structure of the ventricles and atrium, as well as aorta. On the basis of the results of the study, a conclusion was made on the homogeneity of atrophic myocardial and ventricular myocardial morphogenesis. Thus, the wall of the atrium was significantly thinner compared to the ventricle, the organization of cardiomyocytes also had certain features. Statistical estimation was carried out using nonparametric methods. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion is used to determine the normality of the distribution of data samples. On the basis of anatomic-morphometric and histological studies, a conclusion was made on the basic patterns of cardiac morphogenesis in the early postnatal developmental period. The active development of the heart occurs due to an increase in the volume of the myocardium of the ventricles of the heart and to a greater extent the left ventricle. In the period of 1-5 days, the volume of the left ventricle is almost doubled. The ventricular myocardial morphogenesis is characterized by greater morphogenetic changes in comparison with myocardium of the atrium, which consist in active angiogenesis, layer development of fibers of cardiomyocytes. During the first 7 days, active morphogenesis of the aorta occurs, which is realized by increasing the thickness of the wall and the density of the smooth muscle cells. Morphogenesis of the vasa vasorum system begins with prenatal development.

postnatal ontogeny, heart, ventricles of the heart, atrium of the heart, interventricular septum, cardiomyocytes, blood vessels

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (145), 2018 year, 340-344 pages, index UDK 611.1/.8:611.1:611.12/13:611.127:611.061.1

10.29254/2077-4214-2018-3-145-340-344