PREVALENCE OF TRAIT ANXIETY AND ANXIETY DISORDERS IN ATHLETES

Karnaukh T. V., Babak S. V.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

The success of athletes of different ages, both genders, different types of sports depends on physical, technical and tactical training, physiological condition at the time of competition, and mental condition. Anxiety among a number of psychological personality traits is important in sports. With excessive stressful situations, painful conditions, the presence of severe injuries and other causes, the adaptive response of anxiety can turn into one of the types of psychiatric pathology – anxiety disorder. Increased anxiety is a negative characteristic of personality and adversely affects human life. An analysis of modern research on the problem of trait anxiety and anxiety disorders in athletes was conducted. In particular, it concerned the identification of the general picture of the prevalence of trait anxiety and anxiety disorders in athletes of different sports, the severity of anxiety symptoms in athletes of different ages, different genders, depending on different situations. Anxiety among a number of psychological personality traits is important in sports, often occurs against the background of stressful situations that accompany the activities of the athlete, especially professional ones. There were marked general trends and differences in the study of anxiety in athletes from different countries. Often on the background of average indicators of anxiety or depression, there are individual participants who have high rates indicators. This indicates the need for an individual approach to research of the problem and provide psychological assistance to the athletes. It should be noted that without psychological stability the athlete is not able to enter the world arena and achieve success. But, as scientists note, this mental stability does not mean complete immunity from psychopathology. Even in relatively stable people, under a large number of adverse circumstances, excessive psychological pressure may develop psychological problems. There is very little information about the results of athletes seeking help from specialists. This is often hindered by low conversance of athletes, complexes and stereotypes. Therefore, it is vital that the athlete has access to a mental health professional to solve problems. Athletes’ mental health should be well maintained at the state level. Given the current problems of mankind (the prevalence of diseases, including viruses, quarantine, and hence work via the Internet), as well as low conversance of athletes, and the presence in their psyches of barriers to open conversation about their psychological problems, some experts offer their help with attracting Internet resources. Intervention aimed at strengthening the appeal for help to young elite athletes is justified, but it is difficult to assess the real effectiveness of such assistance. There is a very little data in literature on the detection of such consequence of anxiety disorder in athletes as panic attacks. It is important to study the clinical and dynamic features of anxiety disorders, including panic attacks, taking into account the nosological affiliation, as well as the development of a set of modern differentiated treatment and rehabilitation programs, the use of appropriate preventive and supportive measures.

trait anxiety, anxiety disorders, mental health, athletes.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (161), 2021 year, 41-48 pages, index UDK 796: 612.8: 616.89

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-3-161-41-48