MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BRONCHIAL EPITHELIUM OF GUINEA PIGS IN EXPERIMENTAL OVALBUMIN-INDUCED ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION

Popko S. S.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

Nowadays morphological changes in the bronchial epithelium in allergic inflammation in the chronobiological aspect are insufficiently studied, although bronchial epithelial cells play a key role in the histophysiology of allergic inflammation. The purpose of the study is to study the morphometric characteristics of the bronchial epithelium of guinea pigs in experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. Material and methods. We have studied the lung of 48 guinea pigs, using histological, morphometric and statistical methods under conditions of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation, simulated by three times subcutaneous sensitization and subsequent 8-day intranasal inhalation of ovalbumin. We determined the average number of cellular composition of the bronchial epithelium: basal epithelium cells, undifferentiated cells, ciliated cells and goblet cells per 10000 μm2 . Results. The fact of a statistically significant decrease in the average number of ciliated and undifferentiated epithelial cells was revealed against the background of an increase in the average number of basal epithelial cells and hyperplasia of goblet cells in the early period of the development of allergic inflammatory process. During the late period of the development of allergic inflammation in lung, the cellular composition of bronchial epithelial layer is renewed while maintaining hyperplasia of goblet cells due to proliferation and differentiation of basal epithelial cells. Conclusions. It was found that sensitization of guinea pigs with ovalbumin leads to morphometric changes in the epithelial layer of the middle-caliber bronchi in the early period of the development of airways allergic inflammation, such as decrease in the average number of ciliated cells (by 1.5 times compared to the control, p*/**<0.01) and undifferentiated cells (by 1.7 times compared to the control, p*/**<0.001) against the background of increase in the average number of basal epithelial cells (by 2.3 times compared to the control, p*/**<0.001) and goblet cells hyperplasia (by 2.2 times compared to the control, p*/**<0.001).

bronchial epithelium; experimental allergic inflammation; ovalbumin; guinea pig.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (161), 2021 year, 272-276 pages, index UDK 611.23.018.7:616.233-056.3-092.9].087.1:599.324.7

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-3-161-272-276