HISTORY OF IMPROVEMENT OF IDENTIFICATION METHODS OF BONE FOSSILS AND STUDY OF DISEASES, INCLUDING DENTAL, IN ANCIENT PEOPLE

Каskova L. F., Сhupryna L. F., Yanko N. V., Artemyev A. V., Аrtemyeva O. I.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

The finding of stomatological diseases has been given big attention from paleopathology. The teeth are more resistant to destruction and buried conditions than any other body tissue and important element for the studies on individual’s diet, social and cultural factors in the populations. Dental histological aging first made a major appearance on the anthropological stage amidst a flurry of controversy. Also time of changes in diet and health in historical populations can be examined due to chronology of primary and permanent dentition. An attempt was made to analyze the ways of historical development, methods for identification of skeletal remains and study of diseases in the ancient people. There are considered the stages of development of methods for identification bone remains and differentiation of diseases in an ancient individual, determining gender markers, age groups, body size and type of constitution based on anthropological materials. Tracing the way passed in the development of identification methods for bone remains and differentiation of diseases in ancient people from petrified remains, it is evident that the beginning of this path happened at the end of the 18th c. – the beginning of the 20th c. AD (protoscientific, prosystemic period). The next leap of discoveries happened in the middle of 20th c. – blossoming in the field of introduction of new scientific technologies for bone tissue analysis (early scientific period, system approach). The third rise in development of the methodological base of studies at the end of the 20th c. – the beginning of 21th c. can be designated as a developed scientific, systematic approach in the identification of skeleton and the differentiation of its pathology. Identification of gender markers went through the same stages – the end of 19th century – the beginning of the 20th century, the middle of the 20th c., and the end of 20th c. – the beginning of 21th c., also can be designated as protoscientific studies, the beginning of scientific analysis of sex signs in bones, and using of ultimate achievements in sex identification by bones). The problem of age identification has the same periods of development: the end of the 19th century, the 20th century until 3d millennia, and the beginning of the 21st century. There were basically two periods in the determination of growth, such as the constitution: 1) the end of 19th c., 2) the 20th c. Basically, the methods obtained in the second period are used by modern scientists to determine the length of the body by skeleton. Considering the achievements in the field of identification, gender, age, growth (on the bones of the skeleton), there is a noticeable connection of these parameters for more accurate identification of each one separately. An exact analysis of the following parameter is impossible without previous one. Conditionally, it is possible to distinguish three periods in development of identification methods of an individual, pathology, sex, age, growth by skeleton: 1) protoscientific period (protosystemic approach) (late the 18-19th cc. – early 20th c.); 2) early scientific (systemic scientific) period (middle of the 20th century); 3) developed scientific period (end of the 20th century – first third of the 21st century). According to the research data, the algorithm for solving the identification problem of individual by paleoanthropological materials should be sought by modern science in a complex of odontological, anthropological, dental (medical) and forensic methods.

anthropological identification, differential diagnosis, sex, age, height, teeth

• Alekseev V.P. Adaptatsiya i nasledstvennost / V.P. Alekseev // Okruzhayuschaya sreda i zdorove cheloveka. – M., 1979. – S. 69-79.
• Alekseev V.P. Voprosyi filogenii primatov v knige “Hod evolyutsii” / V.P. Alekseev // Sovetskaya arheologiya. – 1957. – № 2. – S. 285-289.
• Alekseev V.P. Gorizontyi antropologii / V.P. Alekseev // Buduschee nauki. – M., 1972. – Vyip. 5. – S. 282-302.
• Alekseev V.P. Istoriya i paleoantropologiya. Rekonstruktivnyie vozmozhnosti paleoantropologicheskih dannyih / V.P. Alekseev // Istoricheskaya nauka: voprosyi metodologii. – M.: Myisl, 1986. – S. 205-218.
• Alekseev V.P. Kraniometriya. Metodika antropologicheskih issledovaniy / V.P. Alekseev, G.F. Debets. – M.: Nauka, 1964. – 120 s.
• Alekseev V.P. Novyie sporyi o staryih problemah / V.P. Alekseev // Novoe v zhizni, nauke, tehnike. – Vyip 7. – M., 1991. – 58 s.
• Alhovskiy M.E. Proyavleniya stareniya v poyasnichno-kresttsovom otdele pozvonochnika. Rentgenologicheskoe i anatomicheskoe issledovaniya: dis. … kand. med. nauk: spets. 14.01.03 «Sudebnaya meditsina» / M.E. Alhovskiy. – L., 1951. – 118 s.
• Antropologiya – meditsine / pod red. T.I. Alekseevoy. – M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1989. – 320 s.
• Antropologiya: hrestomatiya / avt.-sost. L.B. Ryibakov, T.E. Rossolimo, I.A. Moskvina-Tarhanova. – 5 izd., stereotip. – M.: Izd-vo Moskovskogo psiho-sotsialnogo instituta; Voronezh: MODEK, 2007. – 448 s.
• Artemev A.V. Kollektsiya patologicheski izmenennyih zubov, sobrannaya rukoy drevnego vrachevatelya / A.V. Artemev // Muzeynyy visnyk. – 2004. – Vyp. 4. – S. 114-123.
• Arhangelskaya M.S. Vozrastnaya dinamika razmerov trubchatyih kostey kisti u abhazskih detey i podrostkov / M.S. Arhangelskaya // Voprosyi antropologii. Nauchnyie stati i materialyi. – 1989. – Vyip. 83. – S. 61-68.
• Arhantropyi biologiya i meditsina. Elektronnyiy resurs, rezhim dostupa: http://medbiol.ru/medbiol/antrop/0000b328.htm.
• Astanin L.P. Vozrastnyie izmeneniya mikrostrukturyi korotkih trubchatyih kostey kisti cheloveka / L.P. Astanin // Izvestiya Akademii pedagogicheskih nauk RSFSR. – M., 1951. – Vyip. 35. – S. 31.
• Balin V.N. Prakticheskaya periodontologiya / V.N. Balin, A.K. Iordanishvili. – SPb.: Piter, 1995. – 256 s.
• Bashkirov P.N. Proportsii tela kak rasovo-taksonomicheskiy priznak / P.N. Bashkirov // Sovetskaya arheologiya. – 1957. – № 1 (1). – S. 7-8.
• Bashkirov P.N. Uchenie o fizicheskom razvitii cheloveka / P.N. Bashkirov. – M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1962. – 340 s.
• Bil’s’ke horodyshche v konteksti vyvchennya pam”yatok rann’oho zaliznoho viku Yevropy: zbirnyk nauk. prats’ / vidp. redaktor O.B. Suprunenko. – Poltava: TsODPA; Arkheolohiya, 1996. – 408 s.
• Blavatskiy V.D. Priroda i antichnoe obschestvo / V.D. Blavatskiy. – M.: Nauka, 1976. – 77 s.
• Bogdanov A.P. Materialyi dlya antropologii kurgannogo perioda v Moskovskoy gubernii / A.P. Bogdanov. – M., 1867. – 80 s.
• Boev P. Zubochelyustnaya paleopatologiya v Bolgarii / P. Boev, D. Maslinkov. – Sofiya: Izd-vo in-ta po morfologii BAN, 1961. – 257 s.
• Borovskiy E.V. Biologiya polosti rta / E.V. Borovskiy, V.K. Leontev. – M.: Meditsina, 1991. – 303 s.
• Borovskiy E.V. Lechenie periodontitov. Sostoyanie voprosa i perspektivyi sovershenstvovaniya / E.V. Borovskiy // Stomatologiya. – 1996. – № 5. – S. 38-39.
• Botvinik M.M. Nekotoryie aspektyi sudebno-meditsinskoy identifikatsii individuuma po zubam / M.M. Botvinik // Sudebnaya stomatologiya: sb. nauch. rabot / pod red. B.S. Svadkovskogo. – M., 1973. – 408 s.
• Buzhilova A.P. Paleopatologiya v bioarheologicheskih rekonstruktsiyah / A.P. Buzhilova // Istoricheskaya ekologiya cheloveka. Metodika biologicheskih issledovaniy. – M., 1998. – S. 138-140.
• Buzhilova A.P. Homo Sapiens: Istoriya bolezni / A.P. Buzhilova. – Institut arheologii RAN. – M.: Yazyiki slavyanskoy kulturyi, 2005. – 320 s.
• Buzhilova A.P. Srednevekovoe vpusknoe pogrebenie iz Kara-Tobe (bioarheologicheskaya rekonstruktsiya osobennostey pogrebalnogo obryada) / A.P. Buzhilova, S.Yu. Vnukov, E.E. Antipina // Pogrebalnyiy obryad. Rekonstruktsiya i interpretatsiya drevnih ideologicheskih predstavleniy: sb. statey. – M.: Vostochnaya literatura, 1999. – S. 229-245.
• Busyigin A.T. Vozrastnyie osobennosti ugla nizhney chelyusti u cheloveka / A.T. Busyigin // Stomatologiya. – 1956. – № 2. – S. 80-83.
• Bushan M.G. Patologicheskaya stiraemost zubov i ee oslozhneniya / M.G. Bushan. – Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1989. – 184 s.
• Byikov V.L. Gistologiya i embriologiya organov polosti rta cheloveka / V.L. Byikov. – SPb.: Spetsialnaya literatura, 1996. – 247 s.
• Verhratskiy S.A. Istoriya meditsini / S.A. Verhratskiy. – K.: Vischa shkola, 1974. – 336 s.
• Vinogradova T.F. Stomatologiya detskogo vozrasta / T.F. Vinogradova. – M.: Meditsina, 1987. – 525 s.
• Vorobyov Yu.I. Rentgenografiya zubov i chelyustey / Yu.I. Vorobyov. – M.: Meditsina, 1989. – 175 s.
• Ganzhenko V.N. K ob’ektivizatsii vizualnyih priznakov razlozheniya kostey v pochve / V.N. Ganzhenko // Sovremennyie voprosyi sudebnoy meditsinyi i ekspertnoy praktiki. – 1975. – № 3. – S. 288-289.
• Gerasimov M.M. Vosstanovlenie litsa po cherepu (sovremennyiy i iskopaemyiy chelovek) / M.M. Gerasimov // Trudyi instituta etnografii im. N.N. Mikluho-Maklaya. – M., 1955. – T. XXVIII. – 480 s.
• Gerasimova M.M. Mezoliticheskiy chelovek iz Peschanitsyi: kompleksnyiy antropologicheskiy analiz / M.M. Gerasimova, D.V. Pezhemskiy. – M., 2005. – 126 s.
• Holovko N.V. Ortodontiya. Rozvytok prykusu, diahnostyka zuboshchelepnykh anomaliy, ortodontychnyy diahnoz / N.V. Holovko. – Poltava: PF Formyka, 2003. – 296 s.
• Horbenko S.O. Yaroslav Osmomysl rekonstruktsiya antropolohichna ta istorychna / S.O. Horbenko. – L’viv; Vynnyky, 1996. – 153 s.
• Gokhman I.I. Paleoantropologiya i istoricheskaya meditsina / I.I. Gokhman // Antropologiya – meditsine. – M., 1989. – S. 7.
• Groholskiy A.P. Nazubnyie otlozheniya: ih vliyanie na zubyi, okolozubnyie tkani i organizm / A.P. Groholskiy, N.A. Kodola, T.D. Tsentilo. – K.: Zdorov’ya, 2000. – 160 s.
• Desyatov V.P. Mikroelementyi v kostyah kak pokazatel tipa smerti / V.P. Desyatov, V.S. Zhuravlyov // Sudebno-meditsinskaya ekspertiza. – 1963. – № 4. – S. 28-30.
• Diagnostika, lechenie i profilaktika stomatologicheskih zabolevaniy / V.I. Yakovleva, E.K. Trofimova, T.P. Davidovich, G.P. Prosvernyak. – Minsk: Vyisheyshaya shkola, 1994. – 494 s.
• Dmitrenko S.V. Anatomiya zubov cheloveka / S.V. Dmitrenko, A.I. Krayushkin, M.R. Sapin. – M., Nizhniy Novgorod, 2000. – 193 s.
• Dobrovolskaya M.V. K metodike rabotyi s materialami krematsii / M.V. Dobrovolskaya // Kratkie Soobscheniya Instituta Arheologii. – 2010. – № 234. – S. 85-98.
• Dobryak V.I. K voprosu ob opredelenii pola po grudine / V.I. Dobryak // Materialyi 3-y rasshirennoy nauchnoy konferentsii, posvyaschennoy pamyati zasluzhennogo deyatelya nauki prof. M.I. Rayskogo. – K., 1958. – S. 49-54.
• Dobryak V.I. Sudebno-meditsinskaya ekspertiza skeletirovannogo trupa / V.I. Dobryak. – K.: Gos. med. izd-vo USSR, 1960. – 192 s.
• Drop B. Istorychni aspekty likuvannya kariyesu / B. Drop, A. Drop // Novyny stomatolohiyi. – 1999. – № 2 (19). – S. 41-42.
• D’yachenko V.A. Rentgenoosteologiya / V.A. D’yachenko. – M., 1954. – 148 s.
• Zedgenidze G.A. Involyutivnyie izmeneniya mezhfalangovogo sustava kisti / G.A. Zedgenidze // Trudyi Voenno-meditsinskoy akademii. – 1950. – № 19. – S. 201-202.
• Zubova A.V. Pervyie rezultatyi sravnitelnogo analiza odontologicheskih harakteristik populyatsiy odinovskoy kulturyi: k voprosu o yuzhnyih migratsiyah / A.V. Zubova, V.I. Molodin, T.A. Chikisheva // Problemyi arheologii, etnografii i antropologii Sibiri i sopredelnyih territoriy. – 2016. – T. XXII. – S. 292-298.
• Zubov A.A. Odontologiya v antropofenetike / A.A. Zubov, N.I. Haldeeva. – M.: Nauka, 1993. – 224 s.
• Ivanova E.N. Zubnyie otlozheniya / E.N. Ivanova, A.M. Petrov. – Rostov-na-Donu: Feniks, 2007. – 93 s.
• Knorozov Yu.V. Diego de Landa kak osnovopolozhnik izucheniya kulturyi mayya (iz istorii missionerskoy kulturyi XVI v.) / Yu.V. Knorozov, G.G. Ershova // Iberica Americans: Kulturyi Novogo i Starogo sveta XVI- XVIII vv. v ih vzaimodeystvii. – SPb.: 1991. – S. 80-86.
• Kozak L.D. Lyudski zhertvoprinoshennya v zolnikah Bilskogo gorodischa / L.D. Kozak, M. Shults // Bilske gorodische ta yogo okruga (do 100-richchya pochatku polovih doslidzhen): zbirka naukovih statey. – K.: Shlyah, 2006. – S. 77-100.
• Kozlova M.A. Istoki morali, orientirovannoy na individa i gruppu: sotsialno-psihologicheskiy i estestvenno-nauchnyiy aspektyi / M.A. Kozlova, A.I. Kozlov // Psihologicheskiy zhurnal. – 2016. – T. 37, № 3. – S. 60-70.
• Kufterin V.V. Paleopatologiya detey i podrostkov Gonur-depe (Turkmenistan) / V.V. Kufterin // Vestnik arheologii, antropologii i etnografii. – 2016. – № 1 (32). –– S. 91-100.
• Lakosina N.D. Meditsinskaya psihologiya / N.D. Lakosina, G.K. Ushakov. – 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. – M.: Meditsina, 1984. – 272 s.
• Lambert Devid. Doistoricheskiy chelovek. Kembridzhskiy putevoditel / Devid Lambert; pod red. A.N. Aleynikova. – L.: Nedra, 1991. – 255 s.
• Lebedeva E.G. Individualiziruyuschiy metod v vozrastnoy osseografii vzrosloy populyatsii / E.G. Lebedeva // Voprosyi antropologii: nauch. st. i materialyi. – M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1988. – Vyip. 80. – S. 94-100.
• Levitskiy A.P. Zubnoy nalyot / A.P. Levitskiy, I.K. Mizina. – 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. – K.: Zdorove, 1987. – 80 s.
• Litvinova L.V. Naselenie Srednego Podneprovya v epohu pozdney bronzyi (po materialam mogilnika Malopolovetskoe-3) / L.V. Litvinova // Etnokul’turni protsesy u Sered’omu Podniprov”yi za materialamy arkheolohichnykh doslidzhen’: materialy nauk. konf., prysvyach. 10-richchyu vidkryttya kompleksu arkheolohichnykh pam”yatok mizh selamy Malopolovets’ke ta Yakhny Fastivs’koho rayonu Kyyivs’koyi oblasti. – K., 2001. – S. 10-13.
• Mamedova L.A. Karies zubov i ego oslozhneniya (ot drevnosti do sovremennosti) / L.A. Mamedova; pod red. V.K. Leonteva. – M.: Meditsinskaya kniga; N. Novgorod: Izd-vo NGMA, 2002. – 192 s.
• Marfina O.V. Istoriya antropologicheskih issledovaniy v Belarusi / O.V. Marfina. – Minsk: Belarusckaya nauka, 2015. – 405 s.
• Mednikova M.B. K voprosu o travmaticheskih povrezhdeniyah sredi Abashevskogo naseleniya / M.B. Mednikova, A.P. Buzhilova // Rossiyskaya arheologiya. – 2002. – № 1. – S. 162-164.
• Miller D. Pochemu faraonyi nikogda ne ulyibalis / D. Miller // Nauka i zhizn. – 2007. – № 2. – S. 58-59.
• Netraditsionnyie metodyi lecheniya v stomatologii / A.P. Groholskiy, N.A. Kodola, V.G. Burgovskiy [i dr.]. – K.: Zdorov’ya, 1995. – 376 s.
• Nikityuk B.A. O zakonomernostyah obliteratsii shvov na naruzhnoy poverhnosti mozgovogo otdela cherepa cheloveka / B.A. Nikityuk // Voprosyi antropologii. – 1960. – № 2. – S. 63-69.
• Nikityuk B.A. Opredelenie vozrasta cheloveka po skeletu i zubam / B.A. Nikityuk // Voprosyi antropologii. – 1960. – № 3. – S. 81-85.
• Nikityuk B.A. Opredelenie pola po skeletu i zubam cheloveka / B.A. Nikityuk // Voprosyi antropologii. – 1960. – № 4. – S. 38-45.
• Novoharkovskiy mogilnik epohi Zolotoy Ordyi / T.I. Alekseeva, A.P. Buzhilova, A.Z. Vinnikov [i dr.]. – Voronezh: Izd-vo Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2002. – 200 s.
• Ovsepyan A. “Termafil”: universalnost, nadyozhnost i effektivnost / A. Ovsepyan // DentArt. – 1997. – № 2. – S. 33-39.
• Osnovyi sudebnoy meditsinyi / pod red. N.V. Popova. – M., 1933. – 512 s.
• Osnovnyie stadii evolyutsii. Elektronnyiy resurs, rezhim dostupa: http://arheologija.ru/osnovnyie-stadii-evolyutsii-cheloveka.
• Osteometricheskie harakteristiki – pokazateli adaptatsii k menyayuscheysya sotsialnoy srede / R.N. Dorohov, A.V. Markevich, V.F. Chesnok [i dr.] // Novosti sportivnoy i meditsinskoy antropologii: ezhenedelnyiy nauchno-informatsionnyiy sbornik. – 1991. – Vyip. 2 (6). – S. 66.
• Pahomov G.N. Pervichnaya profilaktika v stomatologii / G.N. Pahomov. – M.: Meditsina, 1982. – 237 s.
• Pashinyan G.A. Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya po sudebnoy stomatologii / G.A. Pashinyan, P.O. Romodanovskiy // Stomatologiya. – 1998. – T. 77, № 2. – S. 66-68.
• Pashinyan G.A. Sudebno-stomatologicheskaya ekspertiza zubo-chelyustnogo apparata ostankov 9 chelovek Ekaterinburgskogo zahoroneniya. Rezultatyi i obsuzhdenie / G.A. Pashinyan, E.S. Tuchik, Z.P. Chernyavskaya // Stomatologiya dlya vseh. – 2002. – № 1. – S. 54-60.
• Pashkova V.I. Opredelenie pola i vozrasta po cherepu / V.I. Pashkova. – Stavropol, 1958. – 98 s.
• Pashkova V.I. Osnovnyie voprosyi i metodyi ekspertizyi prizhiznennyih priznakov individuuma po kostnyim ostankam / V.I. Pashkova // Sudebno-meditsinskaya ekspertiza. – M., 1962. – S. 72-73.
• Pashkova V.I. Ocherki sudebno-meditsinskoy osteologii / V.I. Pashkova // Opredelenie pola, vozrasta i rosta po kostyam skeleta cheloveka. – M.: Medgiz, 1963. – 154 s.
• Pezhemskiy D.V. Informativnost skeletnyih ostankov plohoy sohrannosti (po materialam nekropolya Sirenevaya buhta) / D.V. Pezhemskiy // Rossiyskaya arheologiya. – 2000. – № 4. – S. 64-76.
• Pererva E.V. Paleopatologicheskie osobennosti hazar iz pogrebeniy Nizhnego Povolzhya / E.V. Pererva // Nizhnevolzhskiy arheologicheskiy vestnik. – 2003. – Vyip. 6. – S. 51-57.
• Povoroznyuk V.V. Vplyv vikovoho faktora na rozvytok dystrofichno-destruktyvnykh protsesiv u parodonti ta perebih heneralizovanoho parodontytu / V.V. Povoroznyuk, H.M. Vyshnyak, I.P. Mazur // Novyny stomatolohiyi. – 1998. – № 2 (15). – S. 9-12.
• Povoroznyuk V.V. Pokaznyky ul’trazvukovoyi densytometriyi u zhinok z perelomom Kollisa u postmenopauzal’nomu periodi / V.V. Povoroznyuk, V.O. Fishchenko, V.A. Kostyuk // Problemy osteolohiyi. – 1998. – T. 1 (1). – S. 4-11.
• Ponomaryov D.Yu. Demograficheskaya situatsiya i epidemiologiya bolezni Behtereva-Shtryumpelya-Mari v paleopopulyatsii «eltingen-1» / D.Yu. Ponomaryov // Bospor Kimmeriyskiy i varvarskiy mir v period antichnosti i srednevekovya. Etnicheskie protsessyi: sbornik nauchnyih materialov V Bosporskih chteniy, Kerch, 20-24 maya 2004 g. – Kerch, 2004. – S. 278-285.
• Potyekhina I.D. Naselennya usativs’koyi kul’tury za danymy antropolohiyi / I.D. Potyekhina // Arkheolohiya. – 1990. – № 2. – S. 56-67.
• Pruglo V.I. Ellinskie flakonyi dlya lekarstva / V.I. Pruglo // Sovetskaya arheologiya. – 1956. – № 1. – S. 194-202.
• Ring Melvin E. Amerika s davnih vremyon do seredinyi XIX stoletiya / E. Ring Melvin // DentArt. – 2000. – № 4. – S. 77.
• Rohlin D.G. Patologicheskie izmeneniya na kostyah lyudey X-XI i nachala XII stoletiy po materialam mogilnika Sarkela-Beloy Vezhi / D.G. Rohlin // Trudyi Volgo-Donskoy arheol. ekspeditsii: materialyi i issledovaniya po arheologii SSSR. – M.; L., 1963. – T. III (№ 109). – S. 43.
• Rohlin D.G. Problema stareniya i proyavleniya stareniya v sustavah verhney i nizhney konechnostey / D.G. Rohlin // Tezisyi dokladov plenarnyih zasedaniy, IV godichnaya sessiya I Leningradskogo meditsinskogo instituta. – L., 1950. – S. 18-22.
• Rohlin D.G. Rentgenoosteologiya i rentgenoantropologiya / D.G. Rohlin. – L.; M.: Biomedgiz, 1936. – Ch. 1. – 385 s.
• Rohlin D.G. «Urovskaya» ili kashin-bekovskaya bolezn v svete rentgeno-paleantropologicheskih dannyih / D.G. Rohlin, A.E. Rubasheva // Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. VII seriya. Otdelenie matematicheskih i estestvennyih nauk. – 1933. – № 10. – S. 1523-1537.
• Rubezhanskiy A.F. Opredelenie po kostnyim ostankam davnosti zahoroneniya trupa / A.F. Rubezhanskiy. – M.: Meditsina, 1978. – 93 s.
• Rudych T.O. Antropolohichnyy material davn’orus’koho mohyl’nyka Zelenche / O.T. Rudych // Arkheolohiya. – 2015. – № 1. – S. 99-108.
• Salivon I.I. Kraniologicheskaya i odontologicheskaya harakteristika naseleniya g. Minska XVIII-XIX stoletiy / I.I. Salivon, O.V. Tegako, P.A. Rusov // Genet. i morfol. markeryi v antropologii, kriminalistike i meditsine. Aktualnyie voprosyi antropologii: materialyi Mezhdunarodnoy nauch.-prakt. konf. – Minsk: Pravo i ekonomika, 2006. – S. 149-155.
• Samusev R.P. Osnovyi klinicheskoy morfologii zubov / R.P. Samusev, S.V. Dmitrenko, A.I. Krayushkin. – M.: Izdatelskiy dom “ONIKS 21 vek”; “Mir i Obrazovanie”, 2002. – 368 s.
• Sivovol S.I. Farmakogemmologiya v stomatologii / S.I. Sivovol // Stomatolog. – 2005. – № 8 (88). – S. 49.
• Skripnikova T.P. Klinicheskaya endodontiya. Individualnyie razlichiya v stroenii korney zubov i kornevyih kanalov: posobie dlya vrachey-stomatologov / T.P. Skripnikova, G.F. Prosandeeva, P.N. Skripnikov; pod obsch. red. T.P. Skripnikovoy. – Poltava, 2001. – Razdel 1. – 38 s.
• Smolkov V.T. K harakteristike sudebno-meditsinskih povrezhdeniy chelyustno-litsevyih kostey i zubov / V.T. Smolkov, R.M. Mukonina // Sudebnaya stomatologiya: sb. nauch. rabot / pod red. B.S. Svadkovskogo. – M., 1973. – S. 69-70.
• Sovremennyie sredstva ekzogennoy profilaktiki zabolevaniy polosti rta: prakticheskoe rukovodstvo / L.A. Homenko, N.V. Bidenko, E.I. Ostapko, V.I. Shmatko. – K.: Kniga plyus, 2001. – 208 s.
• Tegako L.I. Belarusyi / L.I. Tegako, I.I. Salivon // Etnicheskaya antropologiya. – Moskva.: Nauka, 1975. – S. 56-79.
• Terapevticheskaya stomatologiya / pod red. E.V. Borovskogo. – M.: Meditsina, 1988. – 559 s.
• Terapevtychna stomatolohiya dytyachoho viku / za red. L.O. Khomenko. – K.: Knyha plyus, 1999. – 526 s.
• Falin L.I. Gistologiya i embriologiya polosti rta i zubov / L.I. Falin. – M., 1963. – 220 s.
• Fedosova V.N. O vozmozhnostyah ispolzovaniya antropologicheskih dannyih dlya paleosotsialnyih rekonstruktsiy / V.N. Fedosova // Rossiyskaya arheologiya. – 1995. – № 2. – S. 104-111.
• Finogenova S.I. Antichnyie meditsinskie instrumentyi / S.I. Finogenova // Sovetskaya arheologiya. – 1967. – № 1. – S. 161.
• Haritonova V.I. Feniks iz pepla? Sibirskiy shamanizm na rubezhe tyisyacheletiy / V.I. Haritonova. – M.: Nauka, 2006. – 372 s.
• Chernyak V.V. Osoblyvosti sudovo-medychnoyi ekspertyzy za indyvidual’nym odontolohichnym statusom: navchal’nyy posibnyk dlya studentiv stomatolohichnykh fakul’tetiv vyshchykh medychnykh navchal’nykh zakladiv IV rivnya akredytatsiyi ta likariv-interniv / V.V. Chernyak, O.A. Syrenko, P.A. Hasyuk. – Poltava, 2011. – 114 s.
• Chikisheva T.A. Zub cheloveka iz pescheryi Logovo Gienyi (Zapadnyiy Altay) / T.A. Chikisheva, S.K. Vasilev, L.A. Orlova // Problemyi arheologii, etnografii, antropologii Sibiri i sopredelnyih territoriy. – Novosibirsk: Izd-vo In-ta arheologii i etnografii SO RAN, 2007. – T. XIII. – S. 156-161.
• Chikisheva T.A. Odontologicheskiy material iz kurgana № 20 v Noin-Ule (Mongoliya) / T.A. Chikisheva, N.V. Polosmak, P.V. Volkov // Arheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Evrazii. – 2009. – № 3 (39). – S. 145-151.
• Chikisheva T.A. Osobennosti zubnoy sistemyi rannih kochevnikov gornogo Altaya / T.A. Chikisheva // Arheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Evrazii. – 2002. – № 1 (9). – S. 149-159.
• Shakh-Maystrenko M.I. Medytsyna i zdorov”ya v antychnykh mifakh / M.I. Shakh-Maystrenko. – Odesa; Poltava: Arkheolohiya, 2000. – 126 s.
• Yablonskiy M.F. Identifitsiruyuschee znachenie makro-mikroelementov dlinnyih trubchatyih kostey cheloveka: dis... dokt. med. nauk: spets. 14.01.21 «Sudebnaya meditsina» / M.F. Yablonskiy. – M., 1975. – 210 s.
• Comparative histopathology of syphilitic lesions in prehistoric and historic human bones L’origine de la syphilitis en Europe. Avant ou apres 1493? / M. Schultz, O. Dutour, G. Palfi [et al.]. – Toulon: Centre Archeoelogique du Var., 1995. – P. 63-67.
• Mozzo P. A new volumetric CT machine for dental imaging based on the cone-beam technique: preliminary results / P. Mozzo, C. Procacci, A. Tacconi PT, A. Andreis IA. // Journal of European Radiology. – 1998. – Vol. 8. – P. 1558-1564.
• Pearson K. Mathematical contribution to the theory of evolution / K. Pearson // Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. – London, 1899. – P. 191-192.
• Ring M.E. Dentistry: an illustrated history / M.E. Ring. – New York, 1985. – 319 p.
• Scarfe W. Oral Radiology / W. Scarfe, G. Allan, G. Farman // Pub. Mosby. – 2012. – P. 225.
• Schultz M. Metoden der Licht- und Elektronenmikroskopie / M. Schultz, M. Brandt. – Stuttgart, 1988. – B. 1. – S. 698-730.
• Sigerist H.E. A history of medicine / H.E. Sigerist. – New York, 1951. – 440 p.
• Solger F.B. Die bildliche Darstellung des Urmenschen und ihr wissenschaftlicher Werth / F.B. Solger // Munchener Medizinische Wochenschrift. – Munchen, 1910. – № 32. – P. 30.
• Telkka A. On the prediction of human stature from the long bones / A. Telkka // Acta Anat (Basel). – 1950. – Vol. 9 (1-2). – P. 103-117.
• Terner Ch.G. II. Dental genetics and microevolution in prehistoric and living Koniag Eskimo / Ch.G. Terner II // J Dent Res. – 1967. – Vol. 46. – P. 20-23.
• Terner Ch.G. II. The first Americans: the dental evidence / Ch.G. Terner II. // National Geography. – 1986. – Res. 2. – P. 37-46.
• Trotter M. Estimation of the stature from bons / M. Trotter, A. Gleser // American Journal of Physical Anthropology. – 1952. – Vol. 10, № 4. – P. 329-376.
• Weiss K. Demographic models for Anthropology / K. Weiss // American Antiguiti. – 1973. – Vol. 38, № 2. – Р. 187.

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 3 (141), 2017 year, 44-51 pages, index UDK 572.087(.5)+616.1/9

10.29254/2077–4214–2017–4–3–141–44-51