THE FORMATION OF NON-CHEMICAL DEPENDENCE IN RATS WITH ANXIETY-FOBIC FORMS OF EMOTIONAL RESPONSE

Berchenko O. G., Bevzyuk D. A., Levicheva N. A.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Scentific article

The tense pace of modern life, a large number of stresses leads to a disruption in human adaptive resources and, as a consequence, the formation of addictive behavior. Therefore, the problem of addictive behavior does not lose its actuality. Such behavior, as a rule, is formed in persons with weak adaptive potential. Addictive behavior can be formed either as a result of repeated acceptance of the dose narcotic (chemical dependence) or as a result of a certain number of repetitions of the behavioral pattern (non-chemical dependence). Gambling, shopping, excessive religiosity are examples of non-chemical dependence. The receipt positive emotions is the result of such behavior. The physiological tool for studying is feel drawn to positive emotions is the self-stimulation of positive emotion-producing brain zones discovered by Olds and Milner. The system-forming factor in the system of such a behavioral act is the receipt of positive emotions. The elucidation of how the formation of a non-chemical depend on the natural type of emotional response of an animal depends is important. The purpose of the study is to study the neurophysiological mechanisms of the formation of non-chemical dependence and the characteristics of withdrawal syndrome in rats with an natural anxious-phobic type of emotional response. The following methods were used in the work: Multiparameter method of complex assessment of anxiety level in rats by Rodina V. I. The Open field method for assessing the level of anxiety and the methodology of zoosocial conflict to identify phobic or aggressive traits in behavior. With the help of stereotaxia, nichrome electrodes were implanted into the emotional structures of the brain: neocortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, reticular formation. The behavior of the rats served as a model for obtaining positive emotions. It was formed under the condition of self-stimulation of the positive zones of the behind ventrolateral hypothalamus (BVLH) in the Skinner’s chamber. An analysis of the results of a one-day selfstimulation revealed that the rats of this group were characterized by mean frequency reactions self-stimulation (FRSS) values, which indicated a moderate activity of the positive reinforcement system. The electrical activity was transformed into disorganized with the dominance of the alpha rhythm in the neocortex and the theta rhythm in the hippocampus, which alternated with delta polymorphic activity, numerous acute discharges and waves, which correlated with increased excitability in rats. The level of anxiety in the studied rats increased, and vertical and horizontal activity decreased with increasing intensity of grooming. The formation of dependence on obtaining intense positive emotions was characterized by an increase in the frequency of the self-stimulation reaction with each experimental day, hence the need in obtaining positive emotions in these rats existed. So the system of positive reinforcement had deficit its. The electrical activity in the state of the formed dependence was ordered with predominance of beta- rhythm in the neocortex and reticular formation including regular diffuse paroxysms with peak theta and peak delta waves. Delta activity dominated the hippocampus. The level of anxiety in the studied rats was further reduced in the state of cancellation of positive emotions. A significant increase in the delta and theta range in the hippocampus was revealed. The conclusion is made that the natural predisposition to phobia is one of the factors of initiation and formation of a morphofunctional system of addictive behavior associated with obtaining positive emotions as a result of stimulation of BVLH centers. Morphofunctional basis of this behavior is the excited hypothalamic-neocortical and hippocampal-neocortical emotional systems of the brain and inhibition of activation influences of the reticular formation of midbrain.

addictive behavior, anxiety, self-stimulation of positive emotion-producing brain zones, ventrolateral hypothalamus (BVLH)

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 3 (141), 2017 year, 101-106 pages, index UDK 616.89-008.441-008.19:615.015.6

10.29254/2077–4214–2017–4–3–141–101-106