STUDY OF THE FOLLICULAR THYROCYTES’ SYNTHETIC ACTIVITY WHILE TAKING INORGANIC IODINE UNDER CONDITIONS OF ALIMENTARY IODINE DEFICIENCY

Ryabukha O. І.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Scentific article

The researchis dedicated to studying the impact of inorganic iodine on specific features of the thyroid follicular thyrocytes’ synthetic activity of male albino rats’ thyroid glands (the animals were placed under conditions of nutritional iodine deficiency). Semi-quantitative analysis of thyroid gland electronograms, method of determining the profiles of the hormonopoietic cells’ special capabilities, statistical and correlational analysis were used for data objectification. Potassium iodide, which is widely applied in medicine, served as the source of inorganic iodine. The animals consumed iodide in small (21 mcg/kg), moderate (50 mcg/kg) and significant (100 mcg/kg) doses. It was discovered that under conditions of nutrient deficiency the consumption of inorganic iodine moderately activates synthetic capacity of the follicular thyrocytes and does not cause its normalization. Taking of the studied quantities of inorganic iodine is accompanied by phenomena of the follicular thyrocytes’ functional stress, which is indicated by correlational bonds between protein-synthetic organelles with their substructures being in opposite functional states. Ultrastructural signs of functional stress are not constant; their combination depends on the dosage of consumed iodine. Specific features of the hormonal product synthesis also depend on the dosage of consumed iodine and are largely determined by the ribosomes – loose (located in the cytoplasm) and bound (localized on membranes of the granular cytoplasmic reticulum). Strength and direction of correlational bonds between them may serve as a cytophysiological biomarker of intensity of the hormonopoiesis. When receiving a small amount of inorganic iodine (21 mcg/kg), decreased number of the ribosomes on membranes of the granular cytoplasmic reticulum and their correlational bonds with extended substructures of the granular cytoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex testify to functional tension. Cross-correlation bonds (traced when taking a small dose of inorganic iodine, between extended and normal structures of the granular cytoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex) is logically considered as an adaptive mechanism aimed at maintaining synthetic activity of the follicular thyrocytes under adverse conditions. When receiving a moderate dose of inorganic iodine (50 mcg/kg), interdependence and interconditionality of the state of substructures and the number of basic protein-synthesizing organelles can be traced, which is a prerequisite for a sufficiently intense course of the intrathyrocytic synthesis. However, correlational bonds established between extended elements of the granular cytoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex and moderate amount of bound and loose ribosomes indicate functional stress under discussed conditions. When receiving a significant amount of inorganic iodine (100 mcg/kg) despite the prerequisites for implementation of proper thyroid hormonal activity, correlational bonds of the granular cytoplasmic reticulum with such components of the synthetic process as ribosomes on its membranes and loose ribosomes and polysomes in the cytoplasm (whilst the simultaneous absence of such connections with substructures of the Golgi complex) indicate violation of synthetic process and functional stress. This is confirmed by indirect correlations of moderately expressed elements of the Golgi complex with a sufficient number of bound and loose ribosomes.

thyroid gland, thyrocyte, inorganic iodine, intrasystemic correlational analysis, cytophysiological biomarkers

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 3 (141), 2017 year, 218-223 pages, index UDK 616.441-008.64-085.326:546.15]-072.7-079

10.29254/2077–4214–2017–4–3–141–218-223