MONITORING OF INTESTINAL VIRAL INFECTIONS IN THE DNIPROPETROVSK REGION

Shtyba D. V., Sokolova I. E., Bredykhina M. A.

MICROBIOLOGY

Scentific article

This work is devoted to study of the spread of intestinal viral infections in the Dnipropetrovsk region, both in patients with intestinal infections, and in objects of the environment (sewage and water-cooled waters). The most epidemically significant group is the viruses of the genus Enterovirus from the Picornaviridae family. In this genus are united viruses, which are characterized by virological signs: the size of 22-30 nm; the gene represented by single-chain unfragmented positive RNA; superkapsid is absent; cubic type of symmetry; quantity of capsomers – 60; resistant to ether (lipids are not present in the capsid); thermal stability increased in the presence of ions Mg2 + or Ca2 +; resistant to bile, as well as acids and alkalis (pH 3.0-10.0); capable of multiplying in certain cell cultures; stable in the external environment. Identification of enteroviruses was carried out in the neutralization reaction (RN) by suppressing the cytopathic action of viruses against tissue cultures. This method has become widely used in virology practice for serological diagnostics of viral diseases and for the identification of viruses. The method is based on the ability of antibodies to block the biological activity of viruses, in particular the ability of the virus to be reproduced in cell culture and cause cytopathic action (CTS) or the formation of plaques. This is ensured by the interaction of neutralizing antibodies with surface virion antigens, which are responsible for its adsorption on the cell. During 2012-2017, the most commonly found in patients with intestinal disorders were adenoviruses: when acute respiratory disease, the number of positive results obtained varied from 0.8 to 8.0% depending on the year; for acute intestinal infections within the range of 1.3-5.1%; adenoviruses also appeared in neuroinfections. As for the Koksaky virus, monitoring data shows that it was registered in Dnipropetrovsk region in 2012-2014 years: in 2012 – 4 cases in neuroinfections and 2 in acute respiratory viral infections; in 2013 – 2 positive results in neuroinfections and 1 in serous meningitis, in 2014 – 5 cases in acute intestinal infections. A significant number of polioviruses of different serotypes were excreted in 2012 and 2013, in one case, in 2015 – 2 cases. In acute intestinal infections, one outbreak was detected in 2012, 2015, 2016. The ECHO virus was registered at serous meningitis in 2015 with 7 positive results at once. In the open waters, mainly adenoviruses were released in 2012-2017, but in the sewage the viral diversity was significantly different, although adenoviruses were detected every year, but in 2015, results were obtained from three cases of the presence of polioviruses of different serotypes at once.

monitoring, intestinal viral infections, enteroviruses, adenoviruses, rotaviruses, neutralization reaction

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 3 (141), 2017 year, 285-288 pages, index UDK 578.7:578.835.1:578.835.15-17:57.083.333:616.9

10.29254/2077–4214–2017–4–3–141–285-288