MORPHOLOGY OF JOINT CARTILAGE AND SUBHONDRAL BONE PLATE AFTER MODELING OSTEOPOROSIS

Yakovenchuk N. N., Dedukh N. V.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

In the elderly osteoporosis and osteoarthritis occur with high frequency and various authors are defined as age-associated diseases. In recent years a new direction of research has been formed – the study of articular cartilage in inseparable unity with the subchondral bone plate to determine the influence of adjacent bone on cartilaginous tissue. This direction is due to the fact that there is a view of changes in the subchondral bone plate as a trigger mechanism for the development of osteoarthritis. Object and methods. The study was conducted on white laboratory rats under conditions of osteoporosis modeling by ovarioectomy. Early studies of subchondral bone plate disorders and its effects on articular cartilage have been investigated by histological methods using morphometric analysis with an assessment of the quality of the articular cartilage (surface, matrix and cells) and the subchondral bone plate (trabecular bone and intertrabucular spaces). Results. It was found that after 1 month after ovarioectomy in the regions of the subchondral bone plate of the distal femur and proximal tibia, bone mass was decreased in local areas. In 3 months the density of bone trabeculae in subchondral bone plate areas was low. Along with the decrease in the mass of bone trabeculae their destructive changes, namely, the stratification of the matrix with the visualization of collagen fibers, disturbance of bone formation, and the decrease in the density of osteocytes were revealed. Most of the osteocytes were located in broad lacunаe with fuzzy edges, indicating osteocytic osteolysis. Among changes in articular cartilage, small areas without chondrocytes and destruction of single cells were noted. A discoloration of the matrix was found, which may indicate a suppression of the biosynthesis of the main macromolecules. On the basis of qualitative tests for assessing articular cartilage and subchondral bone plate after 3 months after osteoporosis modeling, an assessment was made in points. It was found that articular cartilage indexes were (2.2 + 0.13) points, in the subchondral bone plate, this score was significantly higher (3,3 + 0,25) балів (P <0.001). Conclusion. Thus, manifestations of violations in the articular cartilage were less pronounced than in the subсhondral bone plate. The hypothesis about the influence of subchondral bone plate as risk factor on the development of postmenopausal osteoarthritis has been confirmed in our study.

rats, ovariectomy, knee joint, histological examination, articular cartilage, subchondral bone plate

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 3 (141), 2017 year, 324-327 pages, index UDK 591.4:616.728.3-018.3:616.71. – 007.234:092.9(599.329.4)

10.29254/2077–4214–2017–4–3–141–324-327