DENTAL DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS

Udod O. A., Kulish A. S.

DENTISTRY

Scentific article

Nowadays, diabetes becomes one of the most common endocrine disease in the world among children and adults, which is characterized by severe metabolic disorders. Depending on the compensation and duration state, diabetes mellitus significantly affects the development and severity course of various oral cavity diseases as well as effectiveness and prognosis of treatment. The aim of research was to study the prevalence and intensity of dental caries in patients of different ages with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Object and research methods. The clinical examination of 95 people aged from 18 to 52 years experiencing type 1 diabetes mellitus has been carried out. The state of compensation, disease duration, presence of diabetic complications were considered during examination. All patients were divided into groups according to age and duration of diabetes mellitus. The prevalence and intensity of dental caries were evaluated using DMF index and the oral hygiene status – by OHI-S index. Results and discussion. The obtained examination data have determined, that the prevalence of dental caries in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 100% in different indices of its intensity. In patients aged from 18 to 34 years with the duration of disease up to 5 years, the average value of DMF index was 9.3 ± 0.3, the components of the index amounted to: D = 3.0 ± 0.2, M = 0.4 ± 0.1, F= 5.9 ± 0.3. When the duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus was from 5 to 10 years, DMF index corresponded to 12.2 ± 0.2, where D = 4.1 ± 0.3, M = 0.8 ± 0.2, F = 7.3 ± 0.4, but patients with disease duration for more than 10 years had the greatest number of teeth affected by caries, as well as filled teeth, in this case DMF index amounted to 14.7 ± 0.2, where D = 5.5 ± 0.5, M = 1.0 ± 0.2, F = 8.2 ± 0.3. In patients aged from 35 to 44 years with disease duration from 5 to 10 years, the average value of DMF index was 13.0 ± 0.1, where D = 3.7 ± 0.4, F = 8.0 ± 0.5, M = 1.3 ± 0.3, and with disease duration for more than 10 years, the average value of DMF index was 14.8 ± 0.3, where D = 3.9 ± 0.4, F = 8.9 ± 0,3, M = 2.0 ± 0.2. Patients of this age group presented with the increased number of filled and removed teeth in the components of DMF index, compared to patients aged from 18 to 34 years. In patients aged from 45 to 52 years with average diabetes mellitus duration 33 years, DMF index was 15.5 ± 0.4, where D = 3.9 ± 0.3, F = 8.2 ± 0.2, M = 3.4 ± 0.4, which indicated that the number of filled and removed teeth also prevailed. Patients of this age group had significant predisposition to dental caries as well as patients aged from 35 to 44 years, but significantly less, than patients from 18 to 34 years. Moreover, patients with type 1 diabetes, regardless of age, presented with cervical caries localization – 67%, caries localization on contact surfaces amounted to 22% and on fissures − 11%. Assessment of the oral hygiene status according to OHI-S index has determined, that 39.0% of people had satisfactory level of hygiene, 44.2% of people – unsatisfactory, 16.8% – poor hygiene status of the oral cavity. Patients with good hygiene status of the oral cavity were not revealed. Conclusion. Thus, the maximal prevalence of dental caries with varying intensity was determined in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Analysis of the research data indicated direct relationship between the dental caries intensity and severity and duration of the disease.

diabetes mellitus type 1, dental caries, prevalence, intensity, oral cavity hygiene

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 3 (141), 2017 year, 379-383 pages, index UDK 616.31:616.379-008.64]-036.22

10.29254/2077–4214–2017–4–3–141–379-383