STRESS-INDUCED CHANGES IN LIPID METABOLISM AND IMMUNE SYSTEM AMONG THE INHABITANTS OF THE TERRITORIES CONTAMINATED WITH RADIONUCLIDES

Sokolenko V. L., Sokolenko S. V.

PHYSIOLOGY

Scentific article

The problem of pathophysiological changes in lipid metabolism and immunoreactivity of a human body in conditions of radioactive irradiation and stresses of various nature, is reflected in many scientific reports, however, it relates mainly to acute radiation damage or cases with evident pathological conditions. Not always additional emotional factors are taken into account. We have analyzed the characteristics of stress-induced changes in lipid profile and immune system parameters in the group of people aged 18-24 who suffered a prolonged exposure to small doses of ionizing radiation. 100 students from Cherkasy National University, who came to study from the territories of enhanced radioecological control (IV radiation zone, density of soil contamination by isotopes 137Cs is 1-5 Ki/km2) were examined. Among them there were found 50 people with the signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD) and 50 people without them. They did not have any acute infectious diseases at the time of the survey. There was no statistically significant difference between the parameters of different sexes, therefore they were considered as a single group in the future. Winter examination session played the role of the additional psycho-emotional factor for students. We determined the level of cortisol, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in the blood serum. We also determined the leukocyte formula, phagocytic activity, major subpopulations of the lymphocytes of the peripheral blood, levels of serum immunoglobulins and phagocytic activity. It was found that in the group of examined with the signs of VSD syndrome, the parameters of triglycerides and cholesterol of low density lipoproteins was higher compared to the group without VSD signs. Under the conditions of additional psycho-emotional stress, the level of low density lipoproteins significantly increased and the level of high density lipoprotein decreased in the group of examined. This tendency was observed among all examined, undergoing chronic exposure to small doses of ionizing radiation, but it is more relevant in the group with VSD signs. The analysis of the immune system parameters showed more evident imbalance of T-cell immunity and inhibition of the phagocytic activity of monocytes in the groups with VSD signs. Correlation analysis revealed a significant interdependency between the immune system parameters and low density lipoproteins level. Particularly high coefficient values are gained in the group of examined with VSD signs in conditions of psycho-emotional stress. Growth of relative number of stab neutrophils in conditions of stress is accompanied by the increase of their correlation coefficient with the level of LDL-c. At the same time, in the group with VSD signs the phagocytic index of neutrophils decreases, which is not marked for a group without VSD signs. In addition, a negative correlation between the parameters of phagocytic activity of neutrophils and the level of LDL-c is increasing, which indicates inclusion of this lipid fraction into the formation of phagocytes with impaired functions. In conditions of emotional stress there is a significant difference in the value of the immunoregulatory index between the groups with and without VSD signs, which indicates the imbalance in the activity of T-cellular immunity.

small doses of radiation, lipid metabolism, immune system, emotional stress

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 3 (141), 2017 year, 404-408 pages, index UDK 612:017.1+665.238+616.839-008+577.3

10.29254/2077-4214-2017-4-3-141-404-408