STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IN CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL CHRONIC HYPERGLYCAEMIA

Muravskyi D. V.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The study of the structural rearrangement of organs and tissues of the body under the influence of chronic hyperglycemia is one of the major medical and social problems of the present and future in the health care system of all countries. The aim of our study was to examine the morphological characteristics of the small intestinal wall of animals with streptozotocin-induced chronic hyperglycemia. Materials and methods. The study was performed on 20 white laboratory male adult rats. Chronic hyperglycemia in animals was simulated by administration of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) and nicotinic acid (1 mg/kg). On the 30th day after the reproduction of experimental chronic hyperglycemia, the animals were removed from the experiment for further study of the colon and ileum. Histological sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin were prepared from the removed intestinal samples and examined using an Olympus BH-2 light microscope (Japan). Results. Histological examination of the drugs revealed significant morphological changes in the wall of the small intestine. An increase in the surface and diversity of the relief of the mucous membrane of the small intestine was found: in places the villi and crypts of the mucous membrane were of different sizes, had different widths. There was an increase in the number of goblet cells. A thick layer of mucus was observed on the surface of the villi and in the recesses of the crypts. At the base of the villi localized blood vessels of different diameters. Signs of inflammatory process are revealed. Signs of edema were observed in the mucous membrane and submucosal layer. Infiltration by neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils was noted. Significantly dilated lymphatic and blood vessels were observed in the submucosal layer. Thickening of the muscular layer due to hypertrophy of muscle fibers was revealed.Conclusions. Chronic hyperglycemia led to structural changes in the small intestine, which were reduced villi, smoothness of the mucous membrane, plethora of blood vessels, edema of the connective tissue of the lamina propria and submucosa, muscular layer hypertrophy.

chronic hyperglycemia, small intestine, streptozotocin.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 Part 2 (165), 2022 year, 102-108 pages, index UDK 611.341- 591.4- 616-01/-099-616.3+616-02+616-092

10.29254/2077-4214-2022-2-2-165-102-108