MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ENAMEL AND DENTIN IN DENTAL FLUOROSIS

Nikolishyna E. V., Ilenko N. M., Nikolyshyn I. A.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The direct toxic effect of fluoride on enameloblasts during the development and formation of enamel, leads to a violation of its mineralization, and with prolonged admission to the occurrence of dental fluorosis. It is known that the above processes occur during the maturation of the enamel (secondary mineralization). The authors studied the morphological features of enamel and dentin in dental fluorosis of varying severity. The material for morphological examination was thick and thin histochemically stained sections and sections dusted with gold and silver, made of teeth removed for orthodontic indications. The structural features of enamel and dentin were studied using a binocular magnifier, light and scanning electron microscopes. With a mild form of fluorosis on the sections there was an increase in the pattern of lamellae, uneven color of some tufts of enamel prisms in the direction of the Retzius lines and redistribution of acidic glycosaminoglycans. In moderate fluorosis, destruction and homogenization of enamel prism beads is observed, which was characterized by blue staining on acidic glycosaminoglycans or partial destruction and their fragmentation or loss of clear orientation along the entire width of the enamel. Studies of sections of severe fluorosis have shown that areas of amorphous substance are usually localized near the lamellae and are characterized by almost complete destruction of the direction of enamel prisms, which in some areas reach the enamel – dentin border and painted in intense purple. Enamel of enamel prisms and Retzius lines was observed in enamel with visually unchanged structure. Scanning electron microscopy data show that the structure of the enamel in fluorosis is more contrasting than normal. Areas of enamel destruction are represented by unstructured, homogeneous masses. Therefore, the established pathomorphological changes of the hard tissues of the teeth in fluorosis should be taken into account when prescribing complex therapy with special emphasis on drugs for mineralization.

fluorine, fluorosis, mineralization.

1. Nikolishyn AK. Fliuoroz zubiv. Poltava; 1999. 135 s. [in Ukrainian].
2. Li W, Jiang B, Cao X, Xie Y, Huang T. Protective effect of lycopene on fluoride-induced ameloblasts apoptosis and dental fluorosis through oxidative stress-mediated Caspase pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Jan 5;261:27-34. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.11.021.
3. Bossù M, Saccucci M, Salucci A, Di Giorgio G, Bruni E, Uccelletti D, et al. Enamel remineralization and repair results of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite toothpaste on deciduous teeth: an effective option to fluoride toothpaste. J Nanobiotechnol. 2019;17:17. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1186/s12951-019-0454-6.
4. Jalali R, Guy F, Ghazanfari S, Lyaruu D, van Ruijven L, DenBesten P, et al. Mineralization-defects are comparable in fluorotic impacted human teeth and fluorotic mouse incisors. Arch Oral Biol. 2017 Nov;83:214-221. DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.07.018.
5. Marchenko AV, Ilenko NM, Nikolishyna EV. Patomorfolohichni pidkhody shchodo likuvannia fliuorozu zubiv. Ukrainskyi stomatolohichnyi almanakh. 2000;1:5-6. [in Ukrainian].
6. Priyadharsini N, Malathi N, Tamizhchelvan H, Dineshkumar T. Dental fluorosis: A histological study using Light and Confocal microscopy. Indian J Dent Res. 2015;26(3):248-51. DOI: 10.4103/0970-9290.162896.

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 Part 2 (165), 2022 year, 124-130 pages, index UDK 616.314.13-053

10.29254/2077-4214-2022-2-2-165-124-130