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    Bulletin of problems biology and medicine / Issue 3 part 2 (111), 2014 / Changes in the Content of Fatty Acids in Rat Heart with Arterial Hypertension and Against Pharmacocorrection

    Dovgan R. S.

    Changes in the Content of Fatty Acids in Rat Heart with Arterial Hypertension and Against Pharmacocorrection

    About the author:

    Dovgan R. S.

    Heading:

    CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

    Type of article:

    Scentific article

    Annotation:

    Introduction. Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most common diseases in the world. Compli­ cations accompanying AH relate not only to heart as the primary target organ for AH, but also other vital organs such as kidneys and liver. One of markers for lesion expression in AH and efficiency of antihypertensive drugs in this pathology include fatty acid content in target organs and blood plasma. Studying the ratio of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) in blood plasma is interesting in terms of their availability in clinical examinations of patients. The objective of this study was to carry out a comparative analysis of changes in ratios of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the heart, liver and blood plasma of WKY line rats and ISIAH line rats with spontaneous arterial hypertension to serve as a control for assessing efficiency of pharmacological preparations. The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of changes in fatty acid (FA) in heart and blood plasma in NISAH rat to clarify the mechanisms of cardiovascular disease and hypertension, and pharmacocorrection of hypertension with ACE inhibitor perindopril and β­blocker nebivolol. Study materials and methods. The study was conducted on 40 rats with hypertension (ISIAH rats) and nor­ motensive rats (WKY rats). Blood pressure was carried out using a plethysmograph on the tail artery of rats and recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Fatty­acid content of lipids in the heart, kidneys, liver and blood plasma of experimental rats was analyzed by using gas­liquid chromatography. 9 most informative fatty acids (FA) were identified: с 14:0 myristinic acid, с 15:0 pentadecoic acid, с 16:0 palmitic acid, с 17:0 margaric acid, с 18:0 stearic acid, с 18:1 oleic acid, с 18:2 linoleic acid, с 18:3 linolenic acid, с 20:4 arachidonic acid. The results were processed by variation statistics method with the use of Student t­test and correlation analysis. Study results and discussion. In rat blood plasma and heart were studied changes of fatty acids level normo­ tensive and hypertensive rats. In hypertensive rats we founded increase unsaturated and decrease saturated fatty acids by 11.7 % and 22.3 %; in blood plasma changes were set by 17.5 %, 26.1 % and 30.8 %, respectively. The greatest changes observed with respect to arachidonic, palmitic, linoleic, margarine and pentadecanoic acids. The myocardium level of unsaturated fatty acids increased by 11. 7 %, polyunsaturated by 17.5 %, and saturated acids decreased by 22.3 % and correlated with high blood pressure. Nebivolol statistically significantly had lowered blood pressure in rats with ISIAH till 137 ± 5,0 mm, compared with untreated animals 157 ± 5,0 mm, but did not reach control values 104 ± 1. 8 mm. Perindopril administration has decreased the arterial blood pressure to 138 ± 4. 0 mm Hg vs 155.5 ± 2.0 mm ACE inhibitor perindopril and β­blocker nebivolol in varying degrees effect on metabolism of fatty acids in plas­ ma and myocardium of hypertensive rats. Perindopril exchange restores fatty acids in plasma and myocardium, but adjusts the progression of changes linoleic and oleic acid (a decrease of 23.5 % and an increase of 2 times). Nebivolol normalizes pool of fatty acids in plasma, but results in excessive redistribution of fatty acids in the myo­ cardium. The level of palmitic, stearic and oleic acid compared to control increased respectively by 24.8 %, 26.7 % and 132.5 %, and linoleic and arachidonic acids decreased by 20.2 % and 37.1 %, indicating a less pronounced effect of β­blockers on metabolism of fatty acids than the ACE inhibitor. These results can be used as a theoretical basis in search of the combined use of antihypertensive drugs to restore metabolic disorders, hypertension and heart failure.

    Tags:

    rats, hypertension, fatty acids, perindopril, nebivolol.

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    Publication of the article:

    «Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 part 2 (111), 2014 year, 130-134 pages, index UDK 616. 12­008. 331. 1