Influence of Polyether on Ultrastructural Organisation of Rat Liver

Nakonechnaya O. A.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The work was carried out at Kharkiv National Medical University within the framework of the scientific problem “The study of mechanisms of the biological effect of polyethers in connection with the problem of environ- mental protection” (State registration No. 0110U001812). Polyethers (PE) on the basis of propylene glycols, glycerol and pentol are widely used in industry, agriculture, medicine and everyday life. It was for the above reason that this group of xenobiotics was used. Studies dealing with the effect of toxic substances should take into consideration the state of different functional systems, reserve abilities of the organism and detoxification processes, which are not linear by their nature. Investigations of the recent years have proved that the effect of numerous chemical hazards on the organism can be first of all accompanied with structural-metabolic disturbances in the liver. Depending upon the nature of the chemical hazard, the duration of its effect and the individual sensitivity of the organism both acute and chronic processes in the liver nay develop. Therefore it was interesting to study the influence of polyethers on the liver ultrastructure in rats. The experiment was made on 20 male Wistar rats, weighing 180-220 g, who were in standard conventional conditions of a vivarium. The work used a chemical sample of PE with regulated chemical properties. During 30 days the rats received intragastrically on an empty stomach via a probe an aqueous solution of PE based on glycerol (Gl) and propylene glycols (PG) with a molecular weight of 1136 (GlPG-1136). After a long-term effect of PG-2106 in 1/100 LD50 electron microscopy revealed a number of dystrophic, and sometimes destructive, disturbances in the submicroscopic organisation of organelles of hepatocytes, stellar macrophagocytes and endotheliocytes of sinusoidal capillaries of the liver. Thus, electron microscopy of the ultrastructural organisation of the liver in conditions of a long-term effect of PG-2106 in 1/100 LD 50 revealed changes of submicroscopic architectonics, typical for dystrophic processes. Prolonged intoxication with a polyether caused a number of changes in the liver ultrastructure, which consisted in the development of intracellular swelling of hepatocytes and mitochondria, changes in the density of their matrix, partial reduction and loss of cristae, vacuolization and dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum cisterns, increased number of primary lysosomes, redistribution of nucleus chromatin and increased number of ribosomes and glycogen granules. The revealed changes convincingly confirm previously found disturbances of bioenergetics in hepatocytes with resultant development of hypoxia. Some cells begin to demonstrate signs of development of a destructive process. The present work investigates the influence of polyethers on ultrastructural organization of rat liver. The electro- microscopic investigation of rat liver ultrastructural organization at conditions of long term influence of GlPG-1136 in 1/100 LD50 revealed alterations of architechtonics of hepatocytes. This was characteristic to the beginning of distrophic processes development. The long-term intoxication with the polyethers evoked a number of alterations of liver ultrastructure. The most pronounced changes were observed in mitochondria, ribosome, cytoplasmic membrane, lysosomes.

polyethers, ultrastructural organization of liver

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