EXPLORATION OF THE EFFECT OF LEAD ACETATE ON HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF PLACENTA IN ISOLATED INJECTION AND IN COMBINATION WITH CITRATE METALS IN RATS

Maior V. V.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

Currently, the known fact is the environmental contamination of heavy metal compounds, the most common of which is the lead. Widely discussed the influence of different concentrations of lead on the status of functional systems of humans and animals, many issues remain unclear, including morphological and functional changes in the conditions of the placenta influenced by lead intoxication, leading to various disorders of fetus and newborn. The placenta is a complicated organ of maternal-fetal exchange, synthesis and protection. Determining the adaptive capacity of the placenta under the influence of external factors is a key issue, as the failure of the placenta adaptive capacity leads to disruption of normal fetal development. Placenta rats, as well as human placenta a type discoid hemo-chorial placenta is a convenient object for studying the impact of various factors. It is important to find ways to protect mother’s and child’s organism from the negative effects of lead. The aim of the research work: to investigate the effect of lead acetate and combination of lead acetate with solutions of gold and silver citrates on the histological structure of placenta and it’s morpho metrical parameters at different stages of placental development. Study was conducted on 64 white mature pregnant female rats Wistar. All animals were divided into 4 groups (16 animals in each group): Group I — animals injected with solution of lead acetate at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg, group II — animals injected with solution of lead acetate at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg and solution of gold citrate at a dose of 1.5 mcg/kg; III group — animals injected with solution of lead acetate at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg and solution of silver citrate at a dose of 2 mcg/kg; IV group — control, animals injected with distilled water. Rats were mated by the standard scheme. First day of pregnancy was identified from the moment of determining of sperm in vaginal swab. Solutions of heavy metals and nanometals were injected to pregnant female through a tube once a day, at one and the same time. Operative slaughter was performed on 16th and 20th day of pregnancy. Histological slides of placenta were ere made by standard methods, placenta were fixed in a solution of 10% neutral formalin, dehydrated with successively stronger concentrations of ethyl alcohol, embedded in paraffin wax and sectioned on a microtome, stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Comparison of the results of morphometric, histologic studies revealed toxicity of low doses of lead acetate to the structure of the placenta, which manifested by a decline of weight and placental diameter on the 16-th and 20-th days of embryogenesis, as well as changes in the thickness of the maternal and fetal layers. In case of combined administration of lead acetate with gold citrate, silver citrate observed a pronounced effect of lead on placental development processes, development of this organ is similar to the intoxication group. On the 16-th day of pregnancy the placenta of groups in combined influence is lagging behind in the development of the placenta in the control group, which is manifested in the increase (compared with the control group), the thickness of the parent part of the placenta. For placenta 20th day of pregnancy groups of isolated and combined injection of lead acetate is characterized by hyperplasia, changes in the ratio of maternal and fetal layers through thickening of the labyrinth part.

placenta, silver citrate, gold citrate, lead acetate

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 part 1 (126), 2016 year, 295-300 pages, index UDK 618.36-092.9:611.018:546.81:661.8:616-099