MICROSTRURAL CHANGES OF SUBMANDIBULAR SALIVARY GLAND UNDER OPIOID INFLUENCE IN EXPERIMENT

Mateshuk-Vatseba L. R., Mykhalevych M. M.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

Incessant growth of number of people who abuse drugs in Ukraine and worldwide, and the widespread use of drugs in the clinical practice to obtain painkillers and anti-inflammatory effects led to new medical and social problems of modern society. In the specialist literature happens more works devoted to the influence of opioids on the structural organization of organs. However, information about outlined above problem are insufficient, often contradictory. You can predict the negative effect of opioids on the salivary glands. Despite the presence of numerous works devoted on the structural organization of the salivary glands in normal conditions and under conditions harmful effects, information about the morphological changes of the salivary glands in the application of opioids is absent. The purpose of this research is to establish the characteristics of microstructural organization of submandibular salivary gland during prolonged impact of nalbuphine in experiment. The research was conducted on 24 mature white rats-males, age 3,5-5,0 months and in average weight of 160-180 g. As a control were used white rats, which were injected 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Material research is presented histological preparations submandibular salivary glands of white rats. For histological research the sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The preparations were studied and photographed under increasing microscope: ob. x 8, eyepiece x 15. For photographing micropreparations was used computer system «Aver Media». The intramuscular injection of nalbuphine was performed as follows: I week — 8 mg/kg, II week — 15 mg/kg, III week — 20 mg/kg, IV week — 25 mg/kg, V week — 30 mg/kg, VI week — 35 mg/kg. The first signs of microstructure submandibular salivary gland and its bloodstream are noticeable after 2 weeks injectoins of nalbuphine of white rats. After 4 weeks of the experiment destructive changes of submandibular salivary gland grown. The shape of most acini is changed, its basement membrane is swelling, loosened, sometimes stratified, cells (serocells, mukocells, mioepiteliocells) are deformed. After 6 weeks of nalbuphine injection of experimental animals there is observed considerable swelling of connective tissue stroma of submandibular salivary gland. Protein acini «wrinkled» by expanding the connective tissue component. In mixed acini seromucous demilune are destructred. The basement membrane of acini is stratified, discontinuous. The cell layer intercalated duct is disorganized. The capillaries are destroyed, discovered the phenomenon diapedesis, perіcapillary spaces are expanded. In stratified excretory ducts sometimes observed thinning of epithelial plate, and sometimes — the complete destruction of epithelial plate up to the basement membrane, which is mostly fragmented. In interlobular ducts also is revealed the disorganization of epithelium and own connective tissue plate, signs of leukocyte infiltration, edema. In this period of the experiment there is a distinct smooth muscle hyperplasia and fibrosis of arterioles of submandibular salivary gland, perivascular infiltrates. The wall of arterioles thickened due to plasma permeation, sclerosis and hyalinosis. The aperture of links of hemomiсrocirculatory channel loses the correct form. The walls of capillaries and venules are deformed. Thus, prolonged exposure to opioid causes deep degenerative changes of all structural components of the submandibular salivary gland, which can lead to disruption of its function.

submandibular salivary gland, microstructure, opioid, experiment

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