TO THE QUESTION ABOUT SO-CALLED «GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYSTS»

Shuvalov S. M., Popyk H. I.

DENTISTRY

Scentific article

Article presents data describing discussion of the question about pathogenesis and nomenclature of the cysts of globulomaxillary region. Formation of jaw` cysts is quite common pathology in maxillo-facial surgery clinic. Despite the incidence of this disease, the question about pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of jaw` cysts and sometimes their nomenclature accuracy is controversal. Special attention is attracted to fissural cysts as special malformations, cysts that are located in areas of embryonic cracks. «Globulomaxillary cysts» are characterized by availability of discussion about nomenclature, the issue of the common name of the cysts of this localization is not fully resolved. First description about globulomaxillary cysts was written by Thoma in 1937. In 1958 Ferenery described the theory of the development of these cysts at the junction of incisive and maxillary bones. According to the national literature, globulomaxillary cysts are non-odontogenic, dysontogenic cysts originating from epithelial remnants on the line connection between the medial nasal and maxillary processes, but Mervyn Shear (2007) insists on invalidity of such diagnosis as «globulomaxillary cyst» denying the existence of this nosology unit. The pathogenesis of this disease can be explained by the following theory: globular and maxillary processes do not merge with each other, and this part is replaced by mesenchyme and if growth and pressure of mesenchyme is insufficient then will form not pushed sites-cysts. According to X-ray, we can also reveal a large number of variations of the cysts` form. So we found that the circular shape occurs in 25% of cases, the shape of inverted pear — 62%, the form of cleft palate — 13%. An important step to establish a definitive diagnosis is histological examination. On the basis of histological diagnosis was revealed that 80% of the cysts located in premaxilla-maxillary region are characterized by walls formed by fibrous tissue, which is covered by stratified squamous epithelium with symtoms of polymorphonuclear infiltration and intraepithelial microabscesses. In 20% of cases histological picture of cysts was consistent with other nosological units (epidermal, radicular cysts, keratocyst). Our studies indicate that this is a group of cysts of the globulomaxillary region but not a nosological unit. In this junction of processes can form different pathological cavity formations, which in some cases is a manifestation of evolutionary pathology. Therefore, we propose to call them «cysts of globulomaxillary region».

globulomaxillary cyst, premaxilla-maxillary region

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 part 1 (128), 2016 year, 288-291 pages, index UDK 616.31-006.2