COMPARISON OF LINEAR SIZES AND DENSITY OF CERVICAL STRUCTURES OF THE VERTEBRAE IN INDIVIDUALS OF BOTH SEXES

Adamovych O. O.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The cause of a number of diseases associated with impaired blood supply to the brain is abnormal changes in the cervical vertebrae – cervical scoliosis, osteochondrosis, etc. Numerous studies testified that changes in the structures of the spine, in particular – its cervical part, develop under the influence of various factors, among which an important place occupied by physical inactivity, inadequate physical activity and also anthropometric and constitutional peculiarities of the body. Early detection of changes that occur in the cervical vertebrae is possible only under condition of a deep and thorough knowledge of the age, sex, constitutional and individual peculiarities of morphology of the investigated area. Analysis of linear dimensions and bone density of the cervical vertebrae in male and female adolescents. In the course of the study we have analyzed CT scans of practically healthy individuals aged 18-25 years (21 – male and 18 – female). All examined individuals are inhabitants of Lviv region. Examination was performed for medical indications (not related to the state of bone tissue and spine) on computer tomograph of the fourth generation TSX-101A Aquilion 16. During the study linear dimensions (height, width, depth) and bone density of the anterior Atlant arch and various parts of the body of each cervical vertebra in direct and lateral projections were measured using standard computer software K-Pacs-Lite. The results of the analysis of CT images of the cervical spine in a straight projection showed that boys and girls have the greatest height of the body of the second vertebra, and the least – the body of the fifth vertebra. During the study of images in the lateral projection found that the height of the vertebral bodies on the anterior edge, in the center and on the posterior edge is different and characteristic for each vertebra, which is obviously associated with the severity of cervical lordosis. The body of the second cervical vertebra has the greatest height on the anterior edge, the lowest – on the posterior edge both in boys and in girls. Height ratio of the different parts of the body of the fourth, fifth and sixth cervical vertebra is the same – the maximum height is on the posterior edge, and the lowest – in the center. Also, the height of the body of the third and seventh cervical vertebrae is the smallest in the center, but maximum values of height of their bodies are different in two sexes – the biggest vertebra height is on the anterior edge of the body of the third vertebra and the posterior edge of the body of the seventh vertebra in boys, and the girls on the contrary – the body of the third vertebra has the greatest height on the posterior edge, and seventh vertebra – at the front. Analysis of the cervical vertebrae bodies width which were defined on the superior edge, at the middle of the body and the inferior edge (in a straight projection) showed that in boys and in girls the biggest body width of the cervical vertebrae are in the center, the lowest – on the inferior edge. The vertebral bodies depth (on the lateral projection) was significantly higher along the inferior edge than along superior in all examined individuals. The analysis of the bone density that was determined in different parts of the vertebral bodies, revealed peculiarities of the studied parameters correlation, which are characteristic for individuals of each sex. It was found, that the highest bone density is in the second, third, fourth and seventh vertebrae on the superior edge of the body, in the sixth vertebra – on the inferior edge, in the fifth vertebra – on the superior edge in girls and on inferior edge – in boys. The bone density in the central area of the vertebral bodies was the lowest in all examined individuals. Conclusions 1. In the assessment of the cervical vertebrae condition it is advisable to include a CT screening examination for early detection of pathological changes (structural – violations of the linear dimensions of the vertebrae, or quality – with disturbances of bone density) for the timely implementation of preventive or therapeutic measures. 2. Correlation of the linear dimensions and indicators of cervical vertebrae body bone density in patients of the juvenile age is different and has characteristic features for the individuals of both sexes that must be taken into consideration when assessing the cervical spine condition.

computer tomogram, density, osseous tissue, lineal sizes, cervical part of the vertebral column

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 part 1 (128), 2016 year, 302-305 pages, index UDK 611.711.1-018.4:616-071.3:616-055