Ukrainska S. I., Lytvynenko A. P., Kaleinikova O. M.

EFFECT OF ANTIOXIDANTS ON SPERM DNA FRAGMENTATION


About the author:

Ukrainska S. I., Lytvynenko A. P., Kaleinikova O. M.

Heading:

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Type of article:

Scentific article

Annotation:

The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) is widely regarded as a key measure for assessing male fertility and can also impair the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies. The effect of antioxidant therapy on sperm DNA fragmentation index remains not fully understood. The aim of this study was to search and analyze data of the effect of antioxidant therapy on sperm DNA fragmentation. It is known, that an increase in DFI of more than 30% is a significant confirmation of a decrease in the reproductive potential of a man and the spontaneous onset of labor. Many assays are currently available for the measurement of sperm DNA fragmentation, that is, the sperm chromatin dispersion assay (SCDA), the TUNEL (the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUDP nick endlabeling) assay, the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis), or the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). Oxidative stress (OS) has been identified as one of the many mediators of male infertility by causing sperm dysfunction. OS is a state related to increased cellular damage triggered by oxygen and oxygen-derived free radicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). OS and the excessive production of ROS have been associated with impaired sperm motility, concentration, and morphology. The production of ROS is a normal physiological event in the spermatozoa, its key signaling molecules in capacitation (a complex process which involves profound structural and functional changes thereby preparing it for egg fertilization). The seminal plasma is endowed with many enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants which protect the spermatozoa against oxidative stress. The main antioxidative defence in the seminal plasma includes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, ascorbic acid, tocopherol and zinc. Therefore, oxidative stress has been considered as a potential mechanism of the sperm DNA damage in infertile men. ROS cause damage to sperm, lipid and proteins, alteration to critical sperm structures and signaling pathways, leading to a decreased sperm activity and fertilizing capacity. DFI is an important marker of male infertility and can greatly reduce the effectiveness of measures taken under assisted reproductive technologies. Thus, there are a number of ways to reduce the production of ROS and stimulate the work of endogenous antioxidant systems, which is achieved, including by the appointment of antioxidants and trace elements. Currently, the role of antioxidant therapy in the treatment of male infertility requires further study, both in vivo and in vitro.

Tags:

sperm DNA fragmentation index, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species.

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (155), 2020 year, 58-61 pages, index UDK 616.699-07:577.2.088.7

DOI: