EVALUATION OF TIBIA MINERAL DENSITY IN RATS TO NONPHYSIOLOGICAL WHOLE BODY VIBRATION IN OBESITY AND SEDENTARY OSTEOPENIA MODEL

Kostyshyn N. M.

PHYSIOLOGY

Scentific article

Abstract. Obesity and sedentary lifestyle have a negative impact on human health in general and bone metabolism particularly. This can lead to osteopenia and increased risk of bone fractures. Exercises can improve the metabolic condition of bone tissue and prevent osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effect of non-physiological whole-body vibration on bone tissue under conditions of modelling obesity and limited mobility in adult male rats. Modelling of obesity was performed using a high-calorie diet. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (n=18) – with a standard diet, experimental group I (n=18) with a high-calorie diet and limited mobility; experimental group II (n=18) – high-calorie diet + limited mobility with the additional effect of whole body vibration. Vertical vibration oscillations were simulated using a vibration pump. The level of vibration acceleration was 0.3 g. Whole body vibration was applied for 30 minutes, 5 days a week for 24 weeks. The tibia was selected for X-ray qCT densitometry. Investigation of the bone mineral density of the trabecular and cortical layers were performed at the 8th, 16th and 24th week of the study. The mineral density of the trabecular layer of the tibia in control group ranged from 294.1±15.2 to 308.3±17.4 mg/cm3 . We observed a decrease in BMD of the trabecular layer of the tibia in obesity and sedentary lifestyle group. The analysis of the results showed that in experimental group II the mineral density of the trabecular layer of bone tissue was significantly higher than in the group with obesity and limited mobility conditions (experimental group I), but these indicators were lower than the control group. The greatest bone loss was observed in experimental group I at the 16th and 24th week of the experiment, which decreased to ≤17.9% (p<0.05) and 16.4% (p<0.05), respectively, compared with control group. The density of the cortical layer did not change statistically throughout the study. Mechanical oscillations of the whole body, in the form of simple physical exercises, can slow bone remodeling and can be used as a method of preventing osteopenia or as an adjunct to drug therapy for osteoporosis in patients with overweight and sedentary lifestyle.

bone remodeling, general vibration, X-ray densitometry, bone tissue, osteoporosis.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (159), 2021 year, 393-396 pages, index UDK 611.718.5-018-056.2:612.014.45]-092.9

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-1-159-393-396