Zolotukhina O. L.

THE PROPERTIES OF METHODS FOR DIAGNOSTICS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN THE STOMACH AND ORAL CAVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GASTRITIS


About the author:

Zolotukhina O. L.

Heading:

METHODS AND METHODOLOGIES

Type of article:

Scentific article

Annotation:

This article provides data on the modern methods of Helicobacter pylori diagnostics, an infection of the gastric mucosa and oral mucosa as a potential reservoir of gastric infection and reinfection. A study of the rapid urease test (RUT) usage as a highly sensitive diagnostic method for determining the presence and Helicobacter pylori degree of the gastric mucosa and oral mucosa has been made. Invasive and non-invasive techniques are used for diagnostics H. pylori infection. Invasive methods require endoscopy and are also known as biopsy-based tests. Non-invasive tests are made without endoscopy technic. Diagnostic methods of Hp-infection include bacteriological, cytological, histological, biochemical, serological, molecular genetic bacteriological (microbiological culture), cytological, histological, biochemical (rapid urease test, urea breath test), serological (stool antigen test, ELISA), molecular genetic (polymerase chain reaction) methods. Rapid urease test is a rapid diagnostic test for Helicobacter pylori diagnosis. The basis of the test is the ability of Helicobacter pylori to secrete the urease enzyme, which catalyzes the conversion of urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Helicobacter pylori is one of the most successful human pathogens. Over half of the world’s population is colonized with this bacterium. Helicobacter pylori is a microaerophilic spiral shaped gram-negative bacterium which colonizes the human gastric mucosa. Helicobacter pylori can be found in the oral liquid and in the plaque, so it is fair to say that the oral cavity represents a permanent reservoir of this bacterium. The aim of this work was to consider the properties of methods for detecting the Helicobacter pylori colonization in both the stomach and oral cavity and also to determine the possibility of the rapid urease test usage as a highly sensitive diagnostic method for oral Hp-infection. Object and methods. 125 patients aged 25 to 50 years old with a diagnosis of chronic gastritis were studied. The study has been made prior to treatment. The rapid urease test of the stomach biopsy was performed for all patients (Test System AMA RUT 10 (HELPIL)®, Russia) to detect the presence and severity of Hp-infection of the gastric mucosa. After receiving the biopsy from the stomach it was placed on the central test surface. The result was evaluated by changing the color of the indicator from yellow to blue in 3 minutes. At the second stage of the study, the rapid urease test was performed on the patient’s oral material. Investigated patient’s oral cavity material included gingival fluid, periodontal fluid, plaque from the surfaces of molars. Results and discussion. The results of the rapid urease test with the material from the stomach and oral cavity were also analyzed and the relationship between the positive reaction of RUT with gastric biopsy specimens and the reaction of RUT with material from the oral cavity was established. The rapid urease test with a stomach biopsy revealed 23 (18.4%) Hp-negative patients and 102 (81.6%) Hp-positive patients. The rapid urease test with the patient’s oral material revealed 48 (38,4%) Hp-negative patients and 77 (61,6%) Hp-positive patients. Taking into account the obtained data, more than half of the gastric Hp-positive patients have an Hp-positive reaction of RUT of the material from the oral cavity and also half of the gastric Hp-negative patients have a positive response of the RUT of the material from the oral cavity, which can be indicated like stomatological way of the gastric H. pylori infection. Conclusion. Our studies helped to determine the properties of the diagnostic methods of Helicobacter pylori infection both in the stomach and in the oral cavity. The RUT can be used in clinical condition as a convenient, specific and highly sensitive test for the detection of Hp in the material from the oral cavity on the dental treatment.

Tags:

chronic gastritis, rapid urease test, Helicobacter pylori.

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 Part 2 (149), 2019 year, 246-249 pages, index UDK 616.33:342.092

DOI: