ANALYSIS OF THE MORBIDITY OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS IN THE POPULATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL AND DANGEROUS REGION

Pavlenko O. I., Orekhova O. V., Avramenko I. V.

HYGIENE AND ECOLOGY

Scentific article

Malignant neoplasms determine the level of health of the nation, as cancer is one of the main causes of mortality and disability of population (12-15 % of cases in the structure of mortality (including 14 % of men and 29 % of women)) and 26 % in the structure of disability of the population), namely persons of reproductive and working age, which requires new approaches to the development of methods and techniques of prevention by identifying all possible determinants, including harmful production factors and the negative impact of ecological factors. The goal of the research. To analyze the incidence of malignant neoplasms by administrative units, taking into account the age of the population of the ecologically dangerous region. Object and methods of research. The incidence of malignant neoplasms of the population of Kryvyi Rih was studied by retrospective epidemiological analysis of statistical reports of treatment and prevention institution in Kryvyi Rih. The analysis of demographic indicators of Kryvyi Rih residents for 2005-2019 was based on information provided by the Executive Committee of the Kryvyi Rih City Council. Static processing of the obtained results was performed using the standard software package Microsoft Office Excel 2003. Results of the research and their discussion. When analyzing the age structure of the residents of Kryvyi Rih, it was found that the cohort of teenagers from 15 to 17 years old both in some areas and in the city as a whole is the least numerous and ranges from 2,47 to 2,78 %. The age category of children aged from 0 to 14 years old in the general structure of the population accounts from 12,47 to 17,48 %, which indicates about an aging of the population, lack of positive natural population growth, which, accordingly, will lead to a shortage of labor potential in the industrial city, increasing the risk of development of malignant neoplasms and premature mortality. The prevalence level of malignant neoplasms is highest in the age group 18 years old and older and ranges from 171,5 in the Pokrovsky district to 388,2 cases in the Saksagan district per 10,000 population (p <0.05), in the age group 0-14 years old – varies from 13,7 cases in the Central City District to 174,8 cases in the Ternivsky District per 10,000 employees (p <0.05), among teenagers aged 15-17 years old the prevalence level of malignant neoplasms ranges from 6,55 cases in the Pokrovsky District up to 70.6 cases per 10,000 employees in the Ingulets District (p <0.05). The obtained data show that in the Pokrovsky District of Kryvyi Rih is the most favorable situation is about the prevalence of malignant neoplasms, which requires a detailed analysis of this situation. Conclusions. The conducted analysis proves the high level of morbidity of malignant neoplasms in the residents of Kryvyi Rih compared to the conditionally «clean» regions of Ukraine and the uneven spread of oncological pathology in the residents of Kryvyi Rih depending on the area of residence and age. Prospects for further research. The obtained data are the basis for establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between malignant neoplasms and the combined impact of adverse working conditions and the level of environmental pollution for the working population of the environmentally hazardous region, which will justify modern models of oncological risk management.

malignant neoplasms, ecologically dangerous region, oncological risk, harmful working conditions.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (157), 2020 year, 79-82 pages, index UDK 314.4:616-006.04+574.2.24(477.63)

10.29254/2077-4214-2020-3-157-79-82