THE ROLE OF GENETIC FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERIODONTAL TISSUE DISEASES IN ADOLESCENTS

Hasiuk N. V., Klitynska O. V., Pogoretska Kh. V., Gurando V. R.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

The prevalence of generalized periodontitis in different countries of the world is quite high. There are various systematizations and clinical and morphological forms of periodontitis, distinguished depending on the etiology, the nature of the process and the immune response. Polymorphic clinical manifestations of this nosology associated with different composition of subgingival microflora. A significant role is also played by factors that influence the antimicrobial response and the new metabolic status of adolescent organisms. The problem of early diagnosis of generalized periodontitis in adolescents, the development of effective measures for its prevention and treatment aimed at achieving positive long-term results, occupies one of the leading places among the priority areas of development of modern dentistry. Recent epidemiological and clinical studies show a relationship between pathology of the cardiovascular system and persistent bacterial infections or clinical conditions with generalized periodontitis. In addition, the current views and concepts do not fully explain the differences in identifying risk factors for the development and progression of periodontitis in adolescents, its course, and mixed results of treatment under the same conditions. The difference in the rate of progression of periodontitis known in the clinic in adolescents who received treatment according to standard generally accepted schemes suggests the biological heterogeneity of this disease and its possible complex causes. In this regard, studies are gaining particular importance, allowing to specify the effect on the possibility of developing periodontitis in healthy individuals and to predict the course in patients with this nosology. Therefore, the study of the relationship of this pathology with genetically determined factors should be attributed to a promising one. The latest data on the problem of metabolic disorders in the development of inflammation in periodontal tissues and, as a consequence, the etiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis demonstrate the main aspect of this leading form of pathology as an inflammatory disease. Recent large pathomorphological studies suggest that one of the places in atherogenesis is the inflammatory factor. High plasma cholesterol is an important factor in the development of atherosclerosis, makes it possible to consider it as a process associated with the accumulation of fats in the wall. According to some authors, granulocyte defects lead to a number of systemic diseases associated with periodontal tissue pathology: deficiency of adhesion of type 1 leukocytes; Chediak-Higashi syndrome; Down syndrome; PapillonLefebvre syndrome; diabetes; chronic granulomatosis; lazy white blood cell syndrome; Crohn’s disease. For the successful conduct of the surgical phase of treatment, a set of diagnostic methods is necessary, the results of which would allow predicting the final result of surgical interventions in periodontal tissues. However, traditional methods of diagnosing and predicting the development of various forms of rapidly progressive periodontitis in adolescents are not always effective and timely and do not completely solve the tasks set for clinicians due to the cyclical and unpredictable course of the pathological process, rapidly progressive destruction of periodontal tissues, toxic and allergic reactions. There are only a few achievements of foreign scientists regarding genetically determined prognostic risk factors and the clinical course of generalized periodontitis in adolescents. This necessitates the search for new, effective, highly specific techniques that would allow pathogenetic substantiation of the process from the standpoint of molecular genetics.

genotype, periodontitis, periodontal tissue, polymorphism, leukocytes.

1. Hasiuk NV. Structure and prevalence of periodontal diseases in young people. Southern Ukrainian Medical Journal. 2013;3(3):36-7.
2. Hasiuk NV, Yeroshenko GA, Palіj OV. Suchasnі uyavlennya pro etіologіyu ta patogenez hvorob parodonta. Svіt medicini і bіologіi. 2012;2(38):203- 7. [in Ukrainian].
3. Grigoryan AC, Grudyanov AI, Rabuhina HA. Bolezni parodonta. M.: Medicinskoe informacionnoe agentstvo; 2004. 320 s. [in Russian].
4. Lyashenko LІ, Denisenko SV, Kostenko VO. Rol’ transkripcіjnogo yadernogo faktora kβ u mekhanіzmah porushen’ vіl’no-radikal’nih procesіv і dezorganіzacіі spoluchnoі tkanini parodonta za umov eksperimental’nogo metabolіchnogo sindromu. Vіsnik Ukrains’koi medichnoi stomatologіchnoi akademіi: Aktual’nі problemi suchasnoi medicini. 2014;14(1)(45):97-100. [in Ukrainian].
5. Tsarev VN, Nikolaeva EN, Plahtij LA. Primenenie novyh molekulyarno-biologicheskih sistem dlya diagnostiki i prognozirovaniya zabolevanij parodontita. Posobie dlya vrachej. M.; 2005;5:24. [in Russian].
6. Dvorak HF. Vascular permeability factor vascular endothelial grown factor: a critical cytokine in tumor angiogenesis and potential target for diagnosis and therapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 2002;20:4368-80.
7. Al-Zahrani MS, Kayal RA, Bissada NF. Periodontitis and cardiovascular disease: a review of shared risk factors and new findings supporting a causality hypothesis. Quint. Int. 2006;37(1):11-8.
8. Ridker PM, Nader R, Rose LM, Buring JL, Cook NR. Comparison of C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events. New England Journal of Medicine. 2002;347:1557-65.
9. Stelzel M, Sattler А. Parodontit i ishemicheskaya bolezn serdtsa: obzor. Kvintessentsia. 2003;1:29-34. [in Russian].
10. Gasyuk NV, Bojchenko ON, Gerasimenko SB. Epiteliotsity rotovoj polosti kak markery molekulyarno-geneticheskih issledovanij. Matematicheskaya morfologiya. Elektronnyj matematicheskij mediko-biologicheskij zhurnal. 2013;12(2). Dostupno: http: // www.smolensk.ru/user/ sgma/MMORPH/N-38-html/cont.htm [in Russian].
11. Hasiuk NV. Cytological and cytogenetic features of oral mucosa in human normal and inflammation: MD dissertation. Kyiv: A. Bohomolets National Medical University; 2015. 428 р.
12. Borges PK, Gimeno SG, Tomita NE, Ferreira SR. Prevalence and characteristics associated with metabolic syndrome in Japanese-Brazilians with and without periodontal disease. Cad. Saude. Publica. 2007;23(3):657-68.
13. Chaisupamongkollarp S, Jaturanon S, Subhakorn S, Ploysangngam P. Caries end periodontal experience among 998 priests and novices in Bangkok. J. Med. Assoc. Thai. 2008;91:130-8.
14. Sim SJ, Kim HD, Moon JY, Zavras AI. Periodontitis and the risk for non-fatal stroke in Korean adults. J. Periodontol. 2008;79(9):1652-8.
15. Myadelec OD, Adaskevich VP. Morfofunkcional’naya dermatologiya. M.: Medicinskaya literatura; 2006. 734 s. [in Russian].
16. Deschner J. Polyformism interleikina I yego znachenie I opredelenie v parodontologii. Kvintessentia. 2003;4:12-5. [in Russian].
17. Kajdashev IP, Rasin AM, Shlykova OA, Gorbas’ IM, Smirnova IP, Petrushov AV, i dr. Chastota Pro 12Ala polimorfizma gena PPARγ2 v ukrainskoj populyacii i ego vozmozhnaya svyaz’ s razvitiem metabolicheskogo sindroma. Citologіya і genetika. 2007;41(5):43-7. [in Russian].
18. Ford PJ, Gemmell E, Hamlet SM, Hasan A. Cross-reactivity of GroEL antibodies with human heat shock protein 60 and quantification of pathogens in atherosclerosis. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 2005;20:296-302.
19. Straka M. Parodontitis и atherosclerosis sushchestvuiet li mezhdu nimi sviaz. Novoe v stomatologii. 2001;8:26-33. [in Russian].
20. Gaetti-Jardim EJr, Marcelino SL, Feitosa AC, Romito GA, Avila-Campos MJ. Quantitative detection of periodontopathic bacteria in atherosclerotic plaques from coronary arteries. J. Med. Microbiol. 2009;58(12):1568-75.
21. Hasiuk NV. Morfofunkcіonal’na harakteristika klіtinnogo skladu epіtelіal’nogo komponentu yasen hvorih na cukrovij dіabet ІІ tipu. Molodij vchenij. 2014;8(11):109-11. [in Ukrainian].
22. Buhlin K, Hultin M, Norderyd O, Persson L, Pokley AG, Rabe P, et al. Risk factors for atherosclerosis in cases with severe periodontitis. Periodontol. 2009;36(7):541-9.
23. Kukurudz NІ, Koval’chuk LYe, Gerelyuk VІ. Medikamentozna korekcіya porushen’ funkcіonal’nogo stanu genomu u hvorih na generalіzovanij parodontit. Vіsnik stomatologіi. 2006;2:31-7. [in Ukrainian].
24. Yong L, Yolanda R, Zheng GL. Cleavage of the death domain kinase RIP by Caspase-8 prompts TNF-induced apoptosis. Genes Dev. 1999;13(19):2514-26.
25. Park EJ, Lee JH, Yu GY, He G, Ali SR, Holzer RG, et al. Dietary and genetic obesity promote liver inflammation and tumorigenesis by enhancing IL-6 and TNF expression. Cell. 2010;140:197-208.
26.  Van Antwerp DJ, Martin SJ, Kafri T. Suppression of TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis by NF-κB. Science. 1996;274:787-9.
27. Hasiuk NV. Description of the polymorphic variants of nuclear transcription factor NF-kB1 as predictors of generalized periodontitis development. Ukrainian Scientific Medical Youth Journal. 2016;1(93):105-7.
28. Нasіuk NV. The role of NF-κB1 nuclear transcription factor polymorphism in the pathogenesis of generalized periodontitis. World of Medicine and Biology. 2015;3:14-6.
29. Altmeyer M, Hottiger MO. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 at the crossroad of metabolic stress and inflammation in aging. Aging (Albany NY). 2009;1:458-69.
30. Hwang-Verslues WW, Sladek FM. Nuclear receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alphal competes with oncoprotein c-Myc for control of the p21/WAFl promoter. Mol. Endocrinol. 2008;22(1):78-90.
31. Hasiuk NV. Morphofunctional organization of gum in normal and inflammation. PhD dissertation. Simferopol: S. Heorhiyevsky Crimea State Medical University; 2009. 135 р.
32. Homenko LA, Bidenko NV, Ostapko EI. Zabolevaniya parodonta u lic molodogo vozrasta: problema riska i diagnostiki. Stomatolog. 2006;1:54-7. [in Russian].
33. Varfolomeev EE, Schuchmann M, Luria V, Chiannilkulchai N, Beckmann JS, Mett IL, et al. Targeted disruption of the mouse Caspase 8 gene ablates cell death induction by the TNF receptors, Fas/Apo1, and DR3 and is lethal prenatally. Immunity. 1998;9:267-76.
34. Hart TC, Hart PS, Michalec MD. Localisation of a gene for prepubertal periodontitis to chromosome 1 lql4 and identification of a cathepsin C gene mutation. J. Med. Genet. 2000;37(2):95-101.
35. Loos BG, Craandijk J, Hoek FJ, Wertheim-van Dillen PM, van der Velden U. Elevation of systemic markers related to cardiovascular diseases in the peripheral blood of periodontitis patients. J. Periodontol. 2000;71(10):1528-34.
36. Perova MD, Shubich MG. Novyj vzglyad na razvitie i reparaciyu povrezhdenij tkanej parodonta s pozicij molekulyarnoj mediciny: Chast’ 1. Mekhanizmy recepcii patogenov i peredachi signalov o funkcional’nom sostoyanii tkanej. Stomatologiya. 2007;3:76-80. [in Russian].
37. Hasiuk NV, Vesnina LE, Shlykova OA. Argumentation of pathogenic mechanisms of generalized periodontitis from the position of polymorphism of nuclear transcription factor NF-κв1. International Journal of Medicine and Research. 2017;1:40-5.
38. Meurman JH, Janket SJ, Qvarnström M, Nuutinen P. Dental infections and serum inflammatory markers in patients with and without severe heart disease. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. 2003;123:695-700.
39. Borisenko AV. Zabolevaniya parodonta. K.: Zdorov’e; 2000. 464 s. [in Russian].
40. Danilevskij NF. Sistematika boleznej parodonta. Vіsnik stomatologіi. 1994;1:17-21. [in Russian].
41. Zavernaya AM, Volosovec AS, Andrusnko TN. Metody ocenki i korrekcii immunnyh narushenij u bol’nyh s distroficheski-vospalitel’nymi i vospalitel’no-destruktivnymi zabolevaniyami parodonta i slizistoj obolochki polosti rta. Dental’nye tekhnologii. 2005;5-6:13-5. [in Russian].
42. Tsepov LM. Zabolevaniya parodonta: vzglyad na problemu. M.: MEDpress-inform; 2006. 192 s. [in Russian].
43. Bulkina NV. Immunologicheskie i immunogistohimicheskie kriterii ocenki effektivnosti kompleksnogo lecheniya bystroprogressiruyushchego parodontita s primeneniem kombinirovannyh fizioterapevticheskih metodov [avtoreferat]. Saratov: 2011. 22 s. [in Russian].
44. Grudyanov AI, Aleksandrovskaya IYu. Planirovanie lechebnyh meropriyatij pri zabolevaniyah parodonta. M.: MIA; 2010. 56 s. [in Russian].
45. Hasiuk NV, Cholovs’kij MO. Aspekti dіagnostiki zapal’nih zahvoryuvan’ tkanin parodonta. Svіt medicini ta bіologіі. 2009;4:69-72. [in Ukrainian].

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 1 (153), 2019 year, 17-22 pages, index UDK 616.311.2−018.7−02:616.379

10.29254/2077-4214-2019-4-1-153-17-22