BIOIMPEDANCE ANALYSIS OF BODY WATER VOLUMES IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS

Ostafiichuk S. O.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Scentific article

Objective. In our scientific research we have planned to evaluate the total body water and water compartments in pregnant women with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia relative to uncomplicated pregnancy. Design. The study was performed in 147 women, among them 20 (13.6 %) with gestational hypertension, 29 (19.7 %) with preeclampsia and 98 (66.7 %) with uncomplicated pregnancy. Patients under 18 years old, diagnosed with multiple pregnancy, severe chronic diseases, overweight, obesity and diabetes mellitus were excluded from the study. The average age of patients was 26.8 ± 2.6 years (95% Cl 26.3-27.3). Prepregnancy body mass index was 20.6 ± 1.6 kg/m2 which corresponded to the normal weight due to recommendations of the Institute of Medicine in the USA (IOM, 2009) and the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine № 417 (Order, 2011). Antenatal care with nutrition and physical activity recommendations was carried out in accordance with existing Ukrainian guidelines (Order, 2011). The study is a part of the complex scientific research work “Clinical-pathogenetic ways of reducing the frequency of reproductive health disorders and perinatal complications of women in Prykarpattya” (state registration № 0114U004747). All women have signed “Informed consent to participate in the study”. The research design was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University (№ 93/16 from 01.12.2016). The total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW) and extracellular water (ECW), as well as anthropometric measurements, were determined in each trimester using the bioelectrical impedance analysis. The results were statistically analyzed using Statistica 6.0 program pack (StatSoft Inc.,USA). The differences between the selections were considered statistically reliable at p < 0.05 (Tukey’s test). Results. TBW progressive increase, mainly due to increasing fraction of ECW, in all pregnancies. Compared to uncomplicated pregnancy, TBW and ECW are higher in women with preeclampsia in the first trimester and progres-sive increase throughout pregnancy. In preeclampsia ECW/TBW are 0.36, 0.39 and 0.42, compared to normal pregnancy 0.35 in each trimester, which means pathological redistribution of intravascular fluids into the interstitial and transcellular compartments during every stage. Pregnancy with gestational hypertension is characterized by normal TBW, ECW and (ECW %) at early gestation, no statistically significant changes during pregnancy and pathologically low values in late stages, strongly suggesting a hemodynamic maladaptation to pregnancy. Conclusions. Our results show that the bioimpedance analysis can be used to asses total body water and water compartments in pregnant women from the first trimester to detect early excessive fluid retention and redistribution of water values that may serve as early preclinical markers of predicting the manifestation of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

pregnancy, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, bioimpedance analysis, body water volumes

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 1 (153), 2019 year, 134-138 pages, index UDK 618.3-06: 616-092.6

10.29254/2077-4214-2019-4-1-153-134-138