IMPAIRMENT OF THE MORPHOGENESIS OF THE HEART OF RATS IN THE EARLY POSTNATAL PERIOD UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF LEAD ACETATE AND SUBJECT TO CORRECTION

Dovgal G. V., Dovgal M. A., Shevchenko I. V.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The aim of the work was to investigate changes in heart morphogenesis under the conditions of lead acetate exposure and the effects of lycopene and inulin in rats. Studies have been carried out on female Wistar rats. Animals were kept in standard vivarium conditions. For the purpose of the study, animals were divided into four groups: 1 – control group; 2 – group with chronic lead acetate exposure; 3 – a group with chronic exposure to lead acetate and the addition of lycopene; 4 – a group with chronic exposure to lead acetate and the addition of inulin. The study material was the hearts of newborn rats (1, 5 and 7 days after birth of the studied female rats). Preparations stained by histological and immunohistochemical methods were studied using a light microscope and photographed with a digital camera. Statistical evaluation was performed using non-parametric methods. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion is used to determine the normality of the distribution of data samples. Intergroup difference was determined by non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis criteria. The results of the morphometric study are presented as the mean and error of the mean (M ± m). Data samples were analyzed using software. Histological studies showed structural changes in the heart in groups 2, 3, and 4. In all the groups that were experimentally with lead acetate, the morphogenesis of the heart chambers and the membranes of the heart – endo, myo, and epicardium – were recorded. On day 1 of postnatal development, the cardiomyocytes formed fibers in the ventricles and atria of the myocardium. At 5, 7 days, an increase in the density of cardiomyocyte fibers in the ventricles of the heart, interventricular septum and left atrium was noted. In all groups with lead acetate, a decrease in the size of the nuclei of cardiomyocytes was observed. Changes in the expression of SMA, MMP-9 and VEGF in the myocardium were revealed. Disturbance of cardiac morphogenesis was characterized by a decrease in the expression of α-SMA, MMP-9 and VEGF in the myocardium in all periods of early postnatal development and is an immunohistochemical manifestation of damage to cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. Lycopene and inulin improved heart morphogenesis, found on the basis of increased α-SMA expression in group 3, VEGF in group 3 and 4, and thickness of the heart chambers.

postnatal ontogenesis, lead acetate, heart, myocardium, lycopene, inulin, ventricles of the heart, heart atria, interventricular septum, cardiomyocytes, blood vessels

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 Part 2 (147), 2018 year, 271-276 pages, index UDK 611:616.12;616.127;611.08

10.29254/2077-4214-2018-4-2-147-271-276