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    Вестник проблем биологии и медицины / Выпуск 1 (155), 2020 / СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ПАТОГЕНЕЗ И МАРКЕРЫ АЗООСПЕРМИИ У МУЖЧИН

    Воробец Н. З., Фафула Р. В., Воробец Д. З.

    СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ПАТОГЕНЕЗ И МАРКЕРЫ АЗООСПЕРМИИ У МУЖЧИН

    Об авторе:

    Воробец Н. З., Фафула Р. В., Воробец Д. З.

    Рубрика:

    ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

    Тип статьи:

    Научная статья.

    Аннотация:

    Одной с наиболее сложных для лечения форм мужского бесплодия является азооспермия. В зависимости от причин и характера нарушения сперматогенеза азооспермию большинство исследователей подразделяют на обструктивную (экскреторную) и необструктивную (секреторную). При мужском бесплодии азооспермию среди других патоспермий обнаруживают в 10-15 % пациентов. Часть обструктивной и необструктивной форм составляют приблизительно 40 % и 60 %, соответственно. Приведенные литературные и собственные данные посвящены современным взглядам на этиологию, патогенез, диагностику этой патологии. Особенное внимание уделено поиску маркеров и исследованию биоптатов яичек с целью дифференциирования и диагностике азооспермии. Учитывая очень низкую эффективность терапевтического и хирургического лечения этой патологии остается актуальным дальнейшее изучение патогенетических механизмов развития заболевания и поиск прогностических маркеров. Полученные собственные и литературные данные свидетельствуют, что наиболее современной классификацией форм азооспермии имеется ее разделение на обструктивную и необструктивную. Гистологический анализ биоптатов яичек – наиболее информативный метод диагностирования и дифференцирования азооспермии, но он одновременно и наиболее травматичен. Поиск биохимических маркеров азооспермии показал, что ингибин В – наиболее информативен для диагностики при необструктивной форме этой патологии. Оценка уровня ингибина В во многих случаях есть альтернативой биопсии для дифференционной диагностики бесплодия у мужчин.

    Ключевые слова:

    сперматогенез, азооспермия обструктивная, азооспермия необструктивная, биоптат, яичка, ингибин В, клетки Сертоли, клетки Лейдига.

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    Публикация статьи:

    «Вестник проблем биологии и медицины» Выпуск 1 (155), 2020 год, 26-33 страницы, код УДК 616.697-07-091.8

    DOI:

    10.29254/2077-4214-2020-1-155-26-33