RECONSTRUCTION OF BLOOD VESSELS OF EXTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCTS IN THE PRENATAL PERIOD OF HUMAN ONTOGENESIS

Antonyuk O. P., Tsyhykalo O. V., Banul B. Yu., Riabyi S. I.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

Bookmark and dynamics of the formation of the common bile duct are closely related to the formation of structural components of its wall in connection with the development of regional blood flow. In premature infants, the source of blood supply to the end of the common bile duct is the branches along the duodenum of the artery. Around the extrahepatic bile ducts there is an arterial network in the form of a chain of longitudinal vessels. In the offspring of 18.0-19.0 mm TCD there are signs of formation of intraorganic blood flow of the common bile duct in the form of individual small vessels among the adjacent layer of mesenchymal cells. The arterial bed of the common bile duct is formed due to the ingrowth of branches of inorganic arteries into the outer shell of its wall. 4-month-old fetuses for the vascular system of the common bile duct have signs characteristic of its specific topography. The biliary artery has two branches that run along the right and left edges of the gallbladder. These branches branch, anastomosing with each other, forming a dense arterial network of the body. It is established that the vascular plexus of the common bile duct is formed due to small arterial branches with a diameter of up to 0.5-0.8 mm, which cover around the wall of the common bile duct in the outer shell. Anastomosing to each other, they form vertically arranged loops that are partially immersed in the deeper muscular membrane. In the radial and spiral directions, branches of smaller caliber, 0.2-0.3 mm in diameter, diverge, forming an intraorganic plexus of the common bile duct, consisting of intermuscular and subepithelial plexuses. The vascular branches that form the intermuscular plexus are located mainly in the horizontal plane around the common bile duct. The subepithelial plexus consists of a large number of small vessels with a diameter of 150- 180 μm, along the axis of the duct. 3-4 internal arterial vessels with a diameter of 0.4-0.5 mm from the posterior pancreatic-duodenal arcade enter the intramural part of the common bile duct and the large papilla of the duodenum in the oblique-descending direction from left to right. At the end of the prenatal period of ontogenesis, the anastomoses of the vessels of the external and subepithelial plexuses are located in the vertical direction along the axis of the common bile duct, and the intermuscular plexus is located in the radial direction along its circumference; blood of the common bile duct is supplied by segments: supraduodenal – branches of the liver and gallbladder, retroduodenal – branches of the duodenum, pancreatic and intramural – branches of the anterior and posterior pancreatic duodenum. The arterial bed of the common bile duct consists of external, intermuscular and subepithelial vascular plexuses that anastomose with each other.

bile ducts, reconstruction, blood supply, early period of human ontogenesis.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (161), 2021 year, 234-239 pages, index UDK 611.367.013

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-3-161-234-239