ETIOPATHOGENESIS PROBLEMS OF THE NASAL MUCOSA AT ATROPHIC RHINITIS

Bezega M.I., Bezshapochnyy S.B., Loburets V.V., Loburets A.V., Bondarenko R.V., Bondarenko V.V., Dzhirov O.R.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

The article presents and considers common problems of etiology and pathogenesis of atrophic rhinitis and their consequences in our time. The issues of atrophy of the nasal mucosa are relevant and common today, and need more consideration and discussion. Given the complex etiopathogenetic mechanism, this pathology can lead to complications of the nasal cavity, such as: impaired mucociliary clearance and evacuation function of the nasal mucosa, as well as physiological, histological and morphological changes in atrophy of the nasal mucosa. Analyzing a large number of studies on pathogenetic aspects of atrophic changes of the nasal mucosa that may affect its development, namely: vascular disorders of microcirculation of nasal tissues, genetic predisposition, hypoxia of mucous tissues, climatic conditions, environmental conditions, labor, bad habits, exposure to drugs and the mental state of the patient that provoke the development of atrophic changes and lead to dysfunction of the ciliated epithelium due to changes in the vascular bed. Another important factor in the development of atrophy of the nasal mucosa is a violation of the chemical composition of nasal secretions. Diagnosis of these pathological conditions is complicated by a weak clinical picture, because it begins to bother the patient only in the critical stages of the disease, which significantly complicates the treatment of patients. If you do not pay attention to this problem, it can progress and provoke more serious complications up to perforation of the nasal remodeling, deformation of the outer nose or ozena, as well as cause disorders of other organs and systems or the psyche of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new more effective and safe method of treatment of patients with atrophic rhinitis, which will be more accessible and easier to use not only doctors in inpatient departments, but also outpatient ENT offices.

atrophic rhinitis, chronic rhinitis, anterior dry rhinitis, mucociliary clearance, microcirculatory tract, nasal cavity, nasal mucosa, obliterating endarteritis, perforation of the nasal partition, nosebleeds.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 Part 1 (164), 2022 year, 7-17 pages, index UDK 616.1/9:616.2

10.29254/2077-4214-2022-2-1-164-7-17