THE GENERAL PRINCIPLE OF THE STRUCTURE OF LYMPHOID NODULES OF PEYER’S PATCHES OF THE SMALL INTESTINE OF WHITE RATS

Hryn V. H.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

Study of Peyer’s patches are usually reduced to the analysis of the structure of a single lymphoid nodules. The lymphoid nodule is considered as a locally concentrated mass of immunocompetent cells, being functionally associated with the integumentary single-layer intestinal epithelium (follicular-associated epithelium). The aim of the study was a comprehensive morphological study of the general principle of the structure of the lymphoid nodules of Peyer’s patches of the small intestine of white rats. Object and methods of research. 30 mature albino male rats weighted 200,0±20,0 g were involved into the study. The material used was fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin, sections of the small intestine containing Peyer’s patches, which were obtained after vivisection. Euthanasia of rats was made under thiopentone anesthesia overdose (75 mg/kg animal body weight intramuscularly in the upper third of the hip of the hind paw). The study was carried out using conventional histological methods for obtaining serial paraffin sections of 4 µm thick (Microm HM 325), stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Another part of the preparations was subjected to plastination in epoxy resin. Subsequently, polished thin sections were made, stained with 1% methylene blue and 1% borax solution. The obtained specimens were studied on the “Konus” light microscope equipped with Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP digital microphoto attachment with the Biorex 3 (serial number 5604) software adapted for these studies. Morphometric characteristics of tissue structures were obtained using a Sigeta X 1 мм/100 Div.x0.01 mm micrometer object of 0.01 mm. Results of work. The sizes of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of white rats directly depend on the total number of lymphoid nodules of the same type in structure, but different in shape and size, which cone-shapedly rounded thickening of the mucous membrane, the base of which is adjacent to the muscular layer, and their tops partially covered around the circumference of the intestinal villi, openly in contact with the intestinal contents. Conclusions. As a demonstration of metric parameters lymphoid nodules can serve two linear size. One of them is determined by the distance between two diametrically opposed intestinal villi (surrounding the lymphoid nodule), and the other is defined as its height, measured from the muscular layer to its apex. On the first of these dimensions lymphoid nodules ranged from 0.5 to 0.8 mm, while the height they are virtually identical, equaling about 0.6 mm. In each lymphoid nodule, it is advisable to distinguish two sections – the apical and basal, the boundary between which is an intermittent muscle plate of the mucous membrane of the small intestine. Germinative (reactive) centers are usually located in the basal regions of the lymphoid nodules that is, below the level of the muscular lining of the mucous membrane. In the smallest lymphoid nodules they are absent.

white rats, small intestine, lymphoid nodule, Peyer’s patch.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 Part 2 (151), 2019 year, 200-204 pages, index UDK [616.341:612.42]:599.323.4

10.29254/2077-4214-2019-2-2-151-200-204