QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF CHONDROCYTES OF ARTICULAR SURFACES OF THE FEMUR AND TIBIA AT EXPERIMENTAL DIABETIC ARTHROPATHY OF THE KNEE JOINT

Hnatjuk M. S., Monastyrska N. Ja., Tatarchuk L. V., Vadzyuk N. S.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

Diabetic arthropathies in patients with diabetes are often found in clinical practice. Features of structural changes of chondrocytes of articular surfaces of femur and tibia and structure of knee joint at diabetes mellitus are insufficiently studied. The purpose of research – to study the features of structural changes of chondrocytes of the articular surfaces of the femur and tibia in experimental diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint. Methods and Material. The articular surfaces of the femur and tibia of 60 laboratory mature white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups were studied by morphological methods. The 1 group included 20 intact practically healthy animals, the 2 – 20 rats with monthly experimental diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint, the 3 – 20 experimental animals with two-month specified pathology. Diabetes mellitus was simulated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin by Sigma at a dose of 50 mg/kg. One month and two months after the start of the experiment, rats were euthanized by bloodletting under thiopental anesthesia. Diameters of young and mature chondrocytes and their nuclei, nuclear-cytoplasmic relations in these cells, relative volume of damaged chondrocytes, intercellular-chondrocyte relations were determined on histological micropreparations in cartilaginous tissues of articular surfaces of femur and tibia. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically. Results and Discussion. It is established that prolonged hyperglycemia leads to diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint, which is characterized by atrophy of chondrocytes and changes in their nuclear-cytoplasmic relations, which indicated a violation of cellular structural homeostasis. It was found that nuclear-cytoplasmic ratios in young chondrocytes of the articular surface of the femur in monthly experimental hyperglycemia were changed by 5.4% (p<0.01), in two-month – by 11.2% (p<0.001), in mature chondrocytes – by 4.7% (p<0.01) and 10.6% (p<0.001), in the articular surface of the tibia these morphometric parameters changed by 5.6%, 12.1% (p<0.001) and 5.1% and 11.3% (p<0.001). It was found that nuclear-cytoplasmic ratios in young chondrocytes of the articular surface of the femur in monthly experimental hyperglycemia were changed by 5.4% (p<0.01), in two-month – by 11.2% (p<0.001), in mature chondrocytes – by 4.7% (p<0.01) and 10.6% (p<0.001), in the articular surface of the tibia these morphometric parameters changed by 5.6%, 12.1% (p<0.001) and 5.1% and 11.3% (p<0.001). In diabetic arthropathy, there was a marked increase in the relative volume of damaged chondrocytes and the volume of intercellular substance. The detected changes in quantitative morphological parameters depended on the duration of hyperglycemia and dominated in young chondrocytes and cartilage of the articular surface of the tibia.

knee joint, diabetic arthropathy, chondrocytes, femur, tibia.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 Part 2 (165), 2022 year, 42-49 pages, index UDK 611.724-018.4-02:616.153.455.01] – 092.9

10.29254/2077-4214-2022-2-2-165-42-49