MOBILITY OF THE CERVICAL SPINE IN THE SAGITTAL PLANE BY RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES ON VERTEBRAL AND SPINAL INJURY IN PRACTICE OF MEDICAL-SOCIAL EXAMINATION

Tarasenko O., Sharmazanova O., Myronchuk L.

CONTENTS

Scentific article

Mobility of the spine is possible due to the complex interactions of the vertebral bodies, interverte-bral discs and joints. At the level of any segment of the spine mobility is low, but the amount of vertebral movement provides its generally more widely. Practically all damage or loss of spine mobility increases or individual segments or spine as a whole, which significantly affects the patient’s condition. The literature brought many clinical parameters of sagittal plane in dif-ferent parts based on quality traits. The main method by which we can learn and sagittal plane, both in normal and in pathology are radiational, the most affordable and functional radiography is used (conventional or digital), but many specific indicators of severity of bends spine aligned only individual work, so this issue needs further study. The aim of the study was to investigate the mobility of some spine in the sagittal plane in patients with consequences of vertebral and spinal cervical injuries, which were analyzed by X-ray and functional spondylohrams in lateral projection 136 patients aged 25 to 75 years. According to the objectives of the study evaluated the radiographs on the axis of the spine in the sagittal projec-tion, the values of the angles of lordosis in the known method Cobba. Also studied the value in each segment. Overall, the analysis spondylogram patients with traumas of the cervical spine and spinal cord revealed the following features: wedge-shaped deformation of vertebral body compression fractures as a consequence of the formation of angular kyphosis, postraumatic fibrous bone degeneration of intervertebral discs, ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament of formation at the level of the affected segment of « bone bridge» . Results. X-rays of functional tests in lateral projection may show lordosis straightening or strengthening, and displacement of the vertebrae to the front or backward. Simultaneous displacement of two or more vertebrae in the same direction is defined as the stepped offset. Accepted provide four types of violations of mobility of the spine : 1 – hypermobility, 2 – hipomobility 3 – instability, 4 – complete lack of mobility. Wedge deformation with a reduction up to 1 /2 of the vertebral body was detected in 58% of patients who meet the II degree of compression, with decreased height of more than half of the body, which corresponded to the III. compression – in 37% of patients. The vast majority (75% ) patients showed bone (or bone and fibrous ) block traumatically affected vertebra, often formed of a block located caudal vertebra. In 5% of patients showed bone block between the articular processes of the vertebral bodies. Also in the case of surgery studied the ability of the stabilizing system (anterior spinal fusion cage or plate, or a combination – 63% of cases). All patients with vertebral effects of spinal injuries of the cervical spine mobility violations noted in the cervical region – 10% in the form of hypermobility of the affected segments, 15% as hipomobility, 38% in the form of instability and 37 in a complete lack of mobility.

lordosis, functional radiographs, vertebral- spinal injury

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