STRUCTURE OF NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Makarov S. O.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Scentific article

Abstract. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease manifesting as multisystem disorder which affects mostly women of childbearing age. A nervous system involvement is one of the typical clinical manifestations of this disease. The aim of the study: to explore the structure of neurological manifestations in adult patients with SLE. Object and methods. The object of the study was neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with SLE. Advanced clinical and neurological examination, neuropsychological assessment were implicated to all patients. Clinical and neurological examination included collection of complaints, medical history and life history, and advanced neurological examination. All patients were tested to assess cognitive and psycho – emotional status. Mean age of the patients was 39.47±11.50 years, mean age at diagnosis was 29.75±9.03 years. Neurological manifestations were observed in 39 patients (81.25% of patients). Mean age at onset of the first neurological symptoms was 32.82±9.46 years. In 5 patients (12.82%), neurological symptoms were the first manifestations of the disease. Neurological symptoms appeared on average after 39.58±35.44 months (that is, approximately 3.2 years). Results. The most prevalent complaints that are due to neurological disorders were headache (observed in 28 patients – 71.79%), memory impairment (26 patients – 66.66%), impaired concentration (29 patients – 74.35%), anxiety (27 patients – 69.23%), depression (24 pat – 61.53%). The most common clinical manifestations of SLE are anxiety-depressive syndrome, ataxia, dementia, and sensory disorders. The rarest syndromes were hyperkinetic (5.12%) and myasthenic (2.56%) ones. On analyzing structure of neurological manifestations and the duration of the disease, it was found that cognitive impairment is significantly associated with the duration of the disease (p<0.05), and anxiety-depressive syndrome and epileptic seizures manifested at the onset of the disease (p<0.05). Conclusions. Fatigue, headache, anxiety and depression, impaired memory and concentration are the most prevalent in the structure of complaints in patients with neurological disorders in SLE. The most common clinical manifestations of SLE are anxiety-depressive syndrome, ataxia, dementia and sensory disorders. Cognitive impairment and emotional disorders are registered in a significant number of patients withSLE. This can lead to a significant declining qualityof life of patients.

systemic lupus erythematosus, neurological manifestations, American College of Rheumatology.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (159), 2021 year, 90-93 pages, index UDK 616-002.52-036-009

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-1-159-90-93