RESULTS OF A CLINICAL RESEARCH OF PERSONS WITH DENTITION DEFECTS IN PERIODONTAL DISEASES ON THE BACKGROUND OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND WITHOUT A DIAGNOSED CONCOMITANT SOMATIC PATHOLOGY

Hermanchuk S.

DENTISTRY

Scentific article

Despite the development and implementation of modern means of prevention in practice, there is a tendency towards an increase in dental morbidity. The most common causes of dentition defects along with caries and its complications – pulpitis and periodontitis – are periodontal diseases. According to epidemiological surveys, the prevalence of major dental diseases in Ukraine is quite high and amounts to: caries – 93%, periodontal disease in people aged 16 to 35 years – 74%, and after 40 years – almost 100% of the examined. Purpose of the research is to determine the dental health condition in patients with dentition defects in case of periodontal disease on the background of diabetes mellitus and without diagnosed concomitant somatic pathology, based on an index analysis of oral hygiene (J.C. Green and J.R. Vermillion index). Object and methods. To solve this aim, 282 people who applied for consultative and medical help to the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry of Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education and the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry and Orthodontics of the Private Higher Educational Establishment “Kyiv Medical University” were examined. The examined individuals were divided into 3 groups. The first group (control) consisted of 31 people without periodontal diseases and dentition defects according to Kennedy. The second group (experimental) included 83 patients with periodontal diseases without diagnosed concomitant somatic pathology. The third group consisted of 168 patients with periodontal diseases on the background of diabetes mellitus of various types. The age of the examined was 18-60 years. The division of the examined in groups by age was carried out according to the WHO age categories. Based on the obtained clinical and laboratory data, the second and third clinical groups were divided into subgroups. The first subgroup consisted of patients with generalized periodontitis of I-II stage of severity, the second – generalized periodontitis of II-III stage of severity. During the examination, the card of the dental patient form 043/o was filled in. To determine the dental health condition of the examined population, hygiene index analysis was carried out using the J.C. Green and J.R. Vermillion index. Research results and discussion. According to the conducted studies aimed at determining the hygiene index analysis the following results were obtained. The results of the analysis of digital data revealed that the patients of the control group had good indicators in all age groups (in patients aged 18-30 years – 0.99 ± 0.02 points, aged 31-45 – 1.05 ± 0.03 points, aged 46-60 – 1.09 ± 0.05 points). The indicators of the Green-Vermillion index in patients of the second clinical group with generalized periodontal diseases of I-II stage of severity were significantly different in the age groups of 18-30 years old 1.53 ± 0.09 points and 46-60 years old 1.83 ± 0.07 points respectively. In patients with generalized periodontitis of II-III degree of severity, the results showed a considerable, significantly different increase in the Green-Vermillion index in people aged 18-30 and 31-45 years (2.06 ± 0.15 points and 2.26 ± 0.08 points), which corresponds to a poor index value. So, there was a statistically significant increase in the Green-Vermillion index of 1.76 ± 0.08 points in patients aged 18-30 years of the first subgroup of the third clinical group. In the age group 31-45, a statistically significant increase in indicators was found in both subgroups, namely 1.84 ± 0.07 and 2.56 ± 0.12 points, respectively, of the first and second subgroup. A significant deterioration in the level of oral hygiene was observed in patients aged 46-60 years. They had the lowest rates in the subgroups of 1.92 ± 0.09 and 2.74 ± 0.14 points (p <0.05). Thus, after a partial loss of teeth, which is complicated by periodontal diseases, the dentition changes significantly. The clinical picture is very diverse and depends on the number of lost teeth, their location in the dentition, on the function of these teeth and the type of bite. Conclusions. Conducted research has shown that indicators of the hygiene index analysis in the examined individuals reflect an overall low level of oral hygiene. In case of periodontal diseases associated with diabetes mellitus, patients showed higher values of J.C. Green and J.R. Vermillion index in the same age groups.

periodontium, hygiene index, diabetes mellitus.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 (156), 2020 year, 349-353 pages, index UDK 616.314.17-06-071.

10.29254/2077-4214-2020-2-156-349-353