POSSIBLE PATHOGENETIC APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASE COVID-19 CAUSED BY CORONAVIRUS SARS-COV-2

Vastyanov R. S., Kozishkurt O. V., Golubyatnikov M. I., Kamarali A. O.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

Abstract. The purpose of the study: аnalytical study of the possibility of using herbal preparations as a means of etiotropic and pathogenetic correction of acute respiratory disease COVID-19 caused by coronavirus SARS-COV-2. Materials and methods: materials became information resources of the Internet (Pubmed, e-library), research method – descriptive-analytical. Results and discussion. The article provides information on the etiology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus infection according to the study of epidemic outbreaks registered in 2002, 2004 and 2019-2020. Known anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects of Astragalus mongholicus polysaccharides have been studied in chicken embryo kidney cells infected with avian infectious bronchitis virus PhCov, which belongs to the third group of coronaviruses. Pathogen titers probably decreased when treated at a dose of 30 μg / ml. The potential antiviral effect has been proven in the treatment of birds: the etiotropic effect was accompanied by inhibition of virus replication, pathogenetic – a decrease in mRNA levels, cytokines: IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. Polysaccharides of shoots of Solanum tuberosum in the form of an injectable form of the drug (Panavir) have antiviral, immunomodulatory activity, increase non-specific resistance of the body to various infections, promoting the induction of leukocytes interferons ά and γ. The use of panavir in the complex therapy of acute respiratory diseases and influenza, led to a probable reduction in the severity and duration of catarrhal phenomena, intoxication in comparison with the control group, which was treated without the drug. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the expression of IL-8, TNF-α in patients receiving panavir parenterally, compared with baseline. The antiviral effect of polysaccharides of Solanum tuberosum shoots on the course of infectious peritonitis in cats caused by FCoV – Felinae Coronavirus has been established. The use of the drug in coronavirus-positive cats is accompanied by a significant decrease in antibody titers to coronavirus in most of the studied animals. The possibility of using herbal preparations to reduce the severity of acute respiratory disease COVID-19 caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 by correcting the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease and antiviral action is shown. Conclusions. Due to the known mechanisms of pathogenesis of acute respiratory disease COVID-19, in particular, the production by immunocompetent cells of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-8, TFN-ά) and proven inhibitory effect of plant polysaccharides Astragalus mongholicus and Solanum tuberosum (pananavir) level, these drugs can be considered as those that can potentially reduce the severity of the disease and prevent its consequences due to the existing complex action: anti-inflammatory, antiviral and immunomodulatory

acute respiratory disease COVID-19, pathogenetic approaches to treatment.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 (160), 2021 year, 14-18 pages, index UDK 616.9: 578.834.1]-092-085

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-2-160-14-18