PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY AS OVARIAN AGING

Sribna V. O., Libak Y. V., Voznesenska T. Y., Blashkiv T. V

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

Abstract. Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is considered to be the most common cause of early menopause, occurring in 10% of women under 45 and 1-2% under 40, whereas fertility disorders begin about 20 years before menopause. These issues continue to be actively studied. The aim of the work was to collect, analyze and summarize the literature on primary ovarian failure as ovarian aging, namely 1) reduction of ovarian reserve, 2) ovarian aging, 3) genetic factors of ovarian aging and 4) correction of ovarian aging (treatment). Based on the analysis of the literature, the following generalizations can be made: primary ovarian failure, as ovarian aging, continues to be actively studied today; the establishment of molecular mechanisms associated with ovarian aging can serve to develop new treatment strategies that can slow ovarian disintegration, as well as increase the number and quality of oocytes to try to fertilize them in vitro; regardless of the genetic background (which cannot be influenced at present), the clinical manifestations of POI can be alleviated (corrected) by taking antioxidants (for example: melatonin, vitamins C and E, coenzyme Q10), agents that affect the response of cells to oxidative stress; the choice of individual treatment should not be based only on the root cause of infertility, but should also take into account all possible secondary factors and the results of the most complete diagnosis of both partners of each couple (both male and female). Prospects for further research. Given that the number of women worldwide with primary ovarian failure is increasing, the identification and disclosure of possible pathogenetic links in the development of POI is an important issue for physiology and medicine. It is necessary to conduct research using experimental models in animals, which would study some aspects of this disorder. The study of parameters of meiotic maturation of oocytes and viability and peculiarities of distribution of singlestrand DNA breaks of nuclei of oocyte follicular cells under conditions of various experimental ovarian lesions, which have not been studied before, are relevant today. The obtained results will allow to find out new and effective variants of prevention and correction (treatment) of POI. Perhaps this will be a real step towards restoring both reproductive health and quality of life in this category of patients.

primary ovarian insufficiency, primary ovarian failure, reduction of ovarian reserve, ovarian aging, genetic factors of ovarian aging.

1. Rossetti R, Ferrari I, Bonomi M, Persani L. Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency. Clinical Genetics. 2017;91:183–198. doi: 10.1111/ cge. 12921.
2. de Velde E, Pearson P. The variability of female reproductive ageing. Human Reproduction Update. 2002;8:141–154. doi: 10.1093/humupd /8.2.141.
3. Wang S, Zheng Y, Li J, Yu Y, Zhang W, Song M, et al. Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of primate ovarian aging. Cell. 2020;180:585–600. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.01.009.
4. Hansen K, Knowlton N, Thyer A, Charleston J, Soules M, Klein N. A new model of reproductive aging: the decline in ovarian non-growing follicle number from birth to menopause. Human Reproduction. 2008;23(3):699–708. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dem408.
5. Sharara F, Scott J, Seifer D. The detection of diminished ovarian reserve in infertile women. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1998;179(3):804–812. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70087-0.
6. Ferraretti A, Gianaroli L. The Bologna criteria for the definition of poor ovarian responders: is there a need for revision? Human Reproduction. 2014;29(9):1842–1845. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deu139.
7. Sills E, Alper M, Walsh A. Ovarian reserve screening in infertility: practical applications and theoretical directions for research. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2009;146(1):30–36. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2009.05.008.
8. Welt C. Primary ovarian insufficiency: a more accurate term for premature ovarian failure. Clinical Endocrinology. 2008;68(4):499–509. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.03073.x.
9. Cooper A, Baker V, Sterling E, Ryan M, Woodruff T, Nelson L. The time is now for a new approach to primary ovarian insufficiency. Fertility and Sterility. 2011;95(6):1890–1897. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.01.016.
10. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine Testing and interpreting measures of ovarian reserve: a committee opinion. Fertility and Sterility. 2012;98(6):1407–1415. doi: 10.1016/j. fertnstert.2012. 09.036.
11. Pastore L, Johnson J. The FMR1 gene, infertility and reproductive decision-making: a review. Frontiers in Genetics. 2014;5:195. doi: 10.3389/fgene. 2014.00195.
12. Ma L, Lu H, Chen R, Wu M, Jin Y, Zhang J, Wang S. Identification of key genes and potential new biomarkers for ovarian aging: A study based on RNA-sequencing data. Frontiers in Genetics. 2020;11:590660. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.590660.
13. Turan V, Oktay K. BRCA-related ATM-mediated DNA double-strand break repair and ovarian aging. Human Reproduction. Update. 2020;26:43–57. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmz043.
14. Dviri M, Madjunkova S, Koziarz A, Antes R, Abramov R, Mashiach J, et al. Is there a correlation between paternal age and aneuploidy rate? An analysis of 3,118 embryos derived from young egg donors. Fertility and Sterility. 2020;114:293–300. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.03.034.
15. Franasiak J, Forman E, Hong K, Werner M, Upham K, Treff N, et al. The nature of aneuploidy with increasing age of the female partner: a review of 15,169 consecutive trophectoderm biopsies evaluated with comprehensive chromosomal screening Fertil Steril. 2014;101(3):656- 663. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.11.004.
16. Demko Z, Simon A, McCoy R, Petrov D, Rabinowitz M. Effects of maternal age on euploidy rates in a large cohort of embryos analyzed with 24-chromosome single-nucleotide polymorphism-based preimplantation genetic screening. Fertility and Sterility. 2016;105:1307–1313. doi: 10.1016/j. fertnstert.2016.01.025.
17. Qin Y, Jiao X, Simpson J, Chen Z. Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency: New developments and opportunities. Human Reproduction. Update. 2015;21:787–808. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmv036.
18. Fortuño C, Labarta E. Genetics of primary ovarian insufficiency: A review. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics. 2014;31:1573– 1585. doi: 10.1007/s10815-014-0342-9.
19. Luoma P, Melberg A, Rinne J, Kaukonen J, Nupponen N, Chalmers R, et al. Parkinsonism, premature menopause, and mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma mutations: Clinical and molecular genetic study. The Lancet. 2004;364:875–882. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16983-3.
20. Tesarik J, Mendoza-Tesarik R. Melatonin: The first noninvasive causal therapy for both endometriosis and adenomyosis? Journal of Gynecology and Women’s Health. 2018;12:555829. doi: 10.19080/JGWH.2018.12. 555829.
21. Mosher A, Tsoulis M, Lim J, Tan C, Agarwal S, Leyland N, Foster W. Melatonin activity and receptor expression in endometrial tissue and endometriosis. Human Reproduction. 2019;34:1215–1224. doi: 10.1093 /humrep /dez082.
22. Tesarik J. Melatonin attenuates growth factor receptor signaling required for SARS-CoV-2 replication. Melatonin Research. 2020;3:534– 537. doi: 10.32794 /mr11250077
23. Tamura H, Jozaki M, Tanabe M, Shirafuta Y, Mihara Y, Shinagawa M, et al. Importance of melatonin in assisted reproductive technology and ovarian aging. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020;21:1135. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031135.
24. Agarwal A, Durairajanayagam D, du Plessis S. Utility of antioxidants during assisted reproductive techniques: An evidence based review. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2014;12:112. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-12-112.
25. Budani M, Tiboni G. Effects of Supplementation with Natural Antioxidants on Oocytes and Preimplantation Embryos. Antioxidants. 2020;9:612. doi: 10.3390/antiox9070612.
26. Gat I, Blanco M, Balakier H, Librach C, Claessens A, Ryan E. The use of coenzyme Q10 and DHEA during IUI and IVF cycles in patients with decreased ovarian reserve. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2016;32:534–537. doi: 10.3109/09513590.2015.1137095.
27. Xu Y, Nisenblat V, Lu C, Li R, Qiao J, Zhen X, Wang S. Pretreatment with coenzyme Q10 improves ovarian response and embryo quality in low-prognosis young women with decreased ovarian reserve: A randomized controlled trial. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2018;16:29. doi: 10.1186/s12958-018-0343-0.
28. De Vos M, Devroey P, Fauser B. Primary ovarian insufficiency. The Lancet. 2010;376:911–21. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60355-8.
29. Lee H, Chang E. Primordial follicle activation as new treatment for primary ovarian insufficiency. Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine. 2019;46(2):43–49. doi: 10.5653/cerm.2019.46.2.43.

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 (160), 2021 year, 52-55 pages, index UDK 616-021: 616.092

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-2-160-52-55