MOPHOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS

Shevchenko V. K., Melnik V. L., Kostyrenko O. P., Silenko Y. I.

DENTISTRY

Scentific article

Abstract. In adulthood, periodontal disease occurs in 90-95% of patients. In the complex therapy of patients with this pathology we used methods of light therapy with the device NVF «Lux-Dent» series «UFL-122». The aim of the study was to study the effect of red and orange spectra of incoherent radiation of the device «UFL-122» in the complex treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis with morphological and radiological confirmation of clinical results. We performed clinical, laboratory diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of 52 patients with generalized periodontitis aged 35 to 61 years. Additionally, light therapy was used with the device «UFL-122», mode «R» with a base wavelength of 600-670 nm. (luminous flux density 560 mW/cm2 ) and «O» with a base wavelength of 570-780 nm. (luminous flux density 1300 mW/cm2 ). X-ray examination of the condition of the periodontal hard tissues was performed at the first visit to the patient and 9 months after treatment. Laboratory examination of periodontal pathology was performed by biopsy of the marginal area of the gums. The resulting material was wrapped in paraffin and a microtome prepared a series of thin sections and examined under a light microscope. The combined use of red and orange spectra of light in the complex therapy of 52 patients with generalized periodontitis received positive treatment results in 94% of patients. Prior to treatment, uneven resorption of alveolar processes along the vertical type of the upper and lower jaws within 1/3 of the length of the tooth roots was noted. After a course of treatment (9 months), the productive process in the bone tissue of the alveolar processes of the upper and lower jaws and the formation of the cortical layer of the alveolar process is determined. The results of morphological studies before treatment: in generalized periodontitis in the epithelial layer there is perinuclear vacuolation of epitheliocytes of the basement membrane. Due to the pronounced mucoid swelling and edema of the connective tissue of its own plate, disorganization processes of the basement membrane are observed. Histochemical studies after photodynamic treatment revealed a complete restoration of the structure of the basement membrane of the epithelial layer and its cells, which are tightly connected by desmosomal ligaments. Epithelial layers have all the signs of natural differentiation, which ends with keratinized cells of the squamous epithelium. In the thickness of the connective tissue there is a proliferation of a significant number of fibroblasts at different stages of differentiation, which contributes to the further active productive process of periodontal soft tissue repair. Morphological and radiological studies confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method of photodynamic treatment in the treatment of patients with periodontal disease.

morphology, periodontitis, photodynamic therapy, radiological diagnostics.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 (160), 2021 year, 331-335 pages, index UDK 616.314.17-002-085

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-2-160-331-335